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Latest advances in the development of CAR & TCR T-cell treatments for solid tumours

Published on October 28, 2021   28 min

Other Talks in the Series: The Immune System - key concepts and questions

Other Talks in the Series: Periodic Reports: Advances in Clinical Interventions and Research Platforms

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My name is Else Marit Inderberg. I am a Principal Investigator at the University Hospital at the Norwegian Radium Hospital site in Oslo, Norway. I will give a presentation on the latest advances in the development of CAR and TCR T-cell treatments for solid tumors.
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This is the cancer immunity cycle, which explains briefly how the immune system is activated by cancer cells and can react against them. Some cancer cells will die and release cancer proteins or antigens, as seen in stage one. These antigens are then taken up by dendritic cells and other antigen-presenting cells will migrate to lymph nodes to present the cancer antigens on MHC molecules to T-cells. Cancer-specific T-cells will become activated and proliferate before they go into the bloodstream to look for tumor cells. Tumors become infiltrated by T-cells, recognizing the same cancer antigens and cancer cells are killed to release new antigens and the cycle is repeated with a broader immune response.
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Adoptive cell therapy using ex vivo expanded tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes or Tils, has been the most effective treatment for patients with metastatic melanoma with a response rate of over 50 percent and durable responses in 20 percent of patients. However, in other cancers, Tils are not easy to culture and different strategies engineering cancer-specific lymphocytes have been developed. Patient T-cells from the blood can be genetically modified to express chimeric antigen receptors antigen T-cell receptors, TCRs. These are then expanded ex vivo before that reinfused back into the patient.
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Latest advances in the development of CAR & TCR T-cell treatments for solid tumours

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