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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Induction of CD4-positive Thelpers
- Induction of CD4 T cells by antigen that’s not associated with migrating DC
- CD4 T cell induction by immigrant DCs bearing antigen from locally applied viral skin infection
- B cell triggering and development (1)
- B cell triggering and development (2)
- Interplay between normal T and B cells in GC activation - overview
- Route-map: where next?
- Selection of high-affinity B cells in GC
- B cells cycle within GC
- Visualising B cell clones in a stimulated LN
- Re-exposure to same antigen may recruit new naïve B cells
- Route-map: where next?
- Secondary and tertiary lymphoid organs: comparison of how they develop
- Immunology of malignant tumours
- Dedication
- Towards the next horizons
- Conclusion
Topics Covered
- Formation of germinal centers within lymph nodes
- T cells activation and function
- B cell development and affinity maturation
- Comparison of how secondary and tertiary lymphoid organs developed
- Immunology of malignant tumours
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External Links
Talk Citation
Hunt, S. (2021, June 30). Lymphoid architecture - the meeting places that spark the body’s immune reactivity: design and dynamics 2 [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 3, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/RFFS1874.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Dr. Simon Hunt has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Lymphoid architecture - the meeting places that spark the body’s immune reactivity: design and dynamics 2
Published on June 30, 2021
30 min
Other Talks in the Series: The Immune System - Key Concepts and Questions
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
Welcome to the second part of this talk on lymphoid architecture,
we'll be looking ahead to the way in which germinal centres form within lymph nodes.
Those are the most dramatic places where lymphocyte clones
expand and get selected for refinement in the immune system, in a Darwinian selection process.
We'll then go on to consider
the clones and some more recent studies on clonal competition,
which ones win out and which ones don't.
Right at the end we'll think a little bit about how these fascinating structures of lymph nodes ever come about in the first place.
What is the ontogeny, what's the developmental process that leads to a lymph node structure?
Let's now look the way in which the immune response gets going, and leads to the formation of germinal centres.
1:02
Germinal centres are T-cell-dependent, they need help from CD4-positive T helper cells.
I'm going to show you the way in which antigens that have
arrived in a lymph node are carried on dendritic cells, and
presented to these T-helper cells to help the germinal centres develop and form.
In this video image that I'm about to show (which was made about 15 years ago),
the colour-coding shows:.
dendritic cells in a purple colour;
the high endothelial venules are the rings here in a pinker colour;
the antigen-specific B-cells (the technique for identifying those by introducing them from outside) are in yellow;
the antigen-specific T-cells are in green;
and the B-cells (highlighting the follicles) are all around here, of all specificities, in the follicular region.
Let's run the video, and follow the fate of the dendritic cells as they meet their helper T-cells.
You can see they're quite active.
This is speeded up about 2,000 fold, but still we're now in the paracortical regions,
seeing dendritic cells with their processes wandering around, and occasionally bumping into a T-cell (in green).
It does look accidental, it doesn't look as though the dendritic cells and
T-cells come together because they're attracted to each other,
they just accidentally interact.
If they do meet each other,
then sometimes they take an interest for a more prolonged period.
You can see one or two instances, here is one with the green T-cell and
a dendritic cell hanging on for a good half-hour or so,
so that's probably been stimulated into action.
This is therefore the region where it's taking place, in the paracortical areas.
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