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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Introduction to the complement system
- Roadmap
- The complement system
- Functions of complement
- Central component C3
- Activation of C3 and surface tagging
- Activation of C5 and the terminal pathway
- Membrane attack complex
- How C3 cleavage is achieved
- Pattern recognition molecules used by complement
- Generation of C3 convertases
- How complement is controlled
- Complement control proteins
- Activities of RCA superfamily
- Metabolites of C3b and their receptors
- How host cells detect complement effectors
- Two-compartment model
- Contribution of organs to intravascular pool
- Local sites of complement synthesis
- Microscopic anatomy of the kidney
- Molecular size of key complement components
- Summary
Topics Covered
- Complement system
- C3 as the central component of the complement
- Pattern recognition
- Complement control proteins
- Sites of complement synthesis
- Innate and adaptive immune response
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Therapeutic Areas:
Talk Citation
Sacks, S. (2021, November 30). The complement system in innate and adaptive immunity: normal functioning of the complement system [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 8, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/XVUS3312.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Consultancies for industry currently including Alexion, Omeros, and UCB.
The complement system in innate and adaptive immunity: normal functioning of the complement system
Published on November 30, 2021
44 min
Other Talks in the Series: The Immune System - Key Concepts and Questions
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
Hello, my name is Steven Sacks, I'm an academic nephrologist,
which means I specialise in kidney disease and see patients, and I also do research.
My research topic is the complement system, concerning my particular field
in transplantation and kidney disease.
I'm going to talk today about the complement system, and the relationship
to the innate immune response and the adaptive immune system.
0:30
Let me pause for a minute just explain one or two points, which will carry through the talk.
The first is that the complement system was discovered in the blood.
Some remarkable scientists, about 120 or 130 years ago, recognised that serum had
within it two key components.
The first was a heat-labile component and the second a heat-stable component,
and both of those components could, together, collaborate to kill microorganisms.
The heat-stable component later became known as antibodies, and the heat-labile (heat-sensitive)
component became known as the complement system.
There you have in a nutshell - described that long ago (120/130 years ago) - outlined,
the title of the talk: how the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system interact,
to defend against infectious pathogens.
There have been changes since then, first of all the concept of the adaptive system has widened
to include T-cells, as well as B-cells which produce antibodies, that's the first point.
Point number two is that the complement system is needed, not only to effect a response
of antibodies and T-cells, but also to prime that response.
The effect of complement is involved in both priming and mediating
the effects of the adaptive immune system.
Even though the complement system is more ancient, by many millions of years,
than the adaptive immune system, the two have integrated,
and in mammals are both important for an immune response.
A further point - and this is important - is that although complement was first described
in the blood, most cells in the body (in most tissues and solid organs)
produce their own complement components.
It's not absolutely clear why, but the evidence points to distinct functions, we'll come across this later.
Complement is a compartmentalised system, and that level of understanding is
important in designing how to measure complement, how to use it as a marker,
and how to target it therapeutically.
Let me outline the talk and how I want to divide it, I've split it into two parts.
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