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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Lecture outline
- Innate immune system
- Overview of leukocyte development (1)
- Neutrophils: polymorphonuclear cells (PMN)
- Neutrophil effector responses
- Phagocytosis and killing
- Degranulation
- Potential host collateral damage
- Neutrophil interactions with adaptive immunity
- Eosinophils
- Eosinophil functions
- Basophils
- Basophil functions
- Mast cells
- Mast cell products
- Mast cell activation can have diverse effects
- IgE cross-linking promotes mast cell degranulation
- Aberrant type 2 responses in asthma
- Development of monocytes
- Monocyte subsets and functions
- Origins of tissue macrophages
- Macrophages have crucial tissue-specific functions
- Macrophage functions in immunity
- Macrophage both induce and resolve inflammation
- Dendritic cell development branching
- DC decide between tolerance and immunity
- Complementary functions of cDC1 and cDC2
- Overview of leukocyte development (2)
- Ontogeny of NK cells and innate lymphoid cells
- ILC subsets and their functions
- NK cells: innate killer cells
- NK cell activation - a balancing act
- NK cells integrate a complex array of signals
- Pattern recognition receptors (PRR)
- Many host cell types may express PRR
- Innate immune signalling regulates gut homeostasis
- Summary
Topics Covered
- The innate immune system
- Cells of the innate system
- Functions of granulocytic cells
- Functions of monocytic cells
- NK cells
- How are innate and adaptive immunity integrated?
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Talk Citation
Maloy, K. (2021, July 29). Cells of the innate immune system [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 5, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/NCSG2577.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Kevin Maloy has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
Hello, my name is Kevin Maloy and I'm
a professor of mucosal immunology at the University of Glasgow.
My lab has a longstanding interest in mucosal immunology, with
a particular focus on the regulation of innate immunity in the intestine.
In this lecture, I aim to provide an overview of the cells of the innate immune system,
and outline their key roles in various aspects of host immunity and tissue protection.
0:26
In this lecture, I plan to cover four key themes.
First, I will give an overview of what the innate immune system is, and why it's necessary.
Then I'll describe the various different cell types of the immune system in turn,
and outline their key functions, as well as their mechanisms of action.
I will also discuss how the innate and adaptive immune systems are
integrated, throughout the different stages of immune responses.
0:51
The innate immune system encompasses a range of
distinct mechanisms that protect host tissues from infection or trauma.
Some of these mechanisms are constitutive,
such as secretion of stomach acid and mucus,
to protect the gastrointestinal tract from infection.
For any pathogens that pass across body barriers,
there are additional innate mechanisms in plasma,
like the complement protein cascade that can bind and kill bacteria.
In addition, throughout the body, a diverse array of innate leucocytes can
be quickly called into action to deal with the threat,
and these will be the primary focus of this lecture.
Innate immunity is responsible for the rapid responses that are
elicited by infection or trauma, and that lead to acute inflammation.
Innate immunity is often termed 'non-specific',
because unlike the highly specific responses mediated by T and B
lymphocytes, innate sensing pathways do not focus on
unique antigens expressed by different individual pathogens,
but instead utilise conserved germline receptors to sense different classes of pathogens.
Innate immunity does not exhibit the classical immunological memory responses of B and T lymphocytes.
It's important to stress that the innate and adaptive arms of the immune system work in tandem,
with early innate responses
helping to instruct subsequent T and B cell responses.
In turn, these adaptive responses recruit and
activate innate leucocytes, to mediate protective effector responses against infection.