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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- The inflammatory response can be discussed in different-contexts (1)
- What is the "function" of the inflammatory response?
- Inflammation as an aspect of innate immunity
- Types of mechanism that let us survive an infection (1)
- Innate immunity
- The acute inflammatory response to an infection – overview
- Pattern recognition receptors (PRRs)
- PRRs recognize PAMP (1)
- PRRs recognize PAMP (2)
- PRRs recognize PAMP (3)
- PRRs trigger signaling cascades
- Endosomal and cytoplasmic TLRs
- NF-kB target genes involved in inflammation
- Biosynthesis of eicosanoids from arachidonic acid
- Leukocyte extravasation and the hallmarks of inflammation
- Early step in the inflammatory response
- Key (protein) players in the process of tissue infiltration of inflammatory cells
- Main steps in the infiltration of inflammatory cells
- Capture, rolling and adhesion depend on specific adhesion molecules (1)
- Capture, rolling and adhesion depend on specific adhesion molecules (2)
- Summary
- Kinetics of acute inflammation
- Effectors of inflammation
- Hallmarks of inflammation (1)
- Hallmarks of inflammation (2)
- Effector mechanisms of infiltrated leukocytes in the defense against pathogens
- Inflammatory cell infiltrate
- Systemic effects of inflammation: fever and the acute-phase response
- Infections can cause several systemic effects (1)
- Infections can cause several systemic effects (2)
- Inflammatory cytokines activate the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal axis
- Inflammation as a response to injury and the concept of DAMP
- The inflammatory response can be discussed in different-contexts (2)
- Inflammation in the absence of infection (sterile inflammation)
- Inflammation after tissue damage
- Non-microbial agents can induce inflammation
- Main damage-associated molecular patterns
- The NALP3 inflammasome is implicated in the response to DAMPs
- Resolution of inflammation
- When injury is repaired, or the noxious agent eliminated, inflammation resolves
- Inflammation: onset to resolution
- Resolution of inflammation: switch of arachidonate metabolism towards lipoxins
- Resolvins
- Resolution of inflammation: switch of macrophages from M1 to M2 phenotype
- The role of adaptive immunity in inflammation
- T helper cells regulate inflammation
- T helper cell phenotypes
- B cells can regulate inflammation
- IIgG binding to FcγR regulates the production of inflammatory cytokines and ROS
- FcγRs are pro- and anti-inflammatory
- IgG glycosylation patterns
- Resolution of inflammation: chronic inflammation
- The inflammatory response can be discussed in different-contexts (3)
- Inflammation in pathogenesis
- Chronic inflammation is not just about duration
- ADifferences between acute and chronic inflammation
- Hallmarks of inflammation
- Types of mechanism that let us survive an infection (2)
- Types of mechanism that let us survive an infection (3)
- Thanks for your attention!
Topics Covered
- Inflammation as a component of innate immunity
- Pathogen-Associated Molecular Patterns and their receptors
- Leukocyte infiltration
- The hallmarks of inflammation
- Systemic effects of inflammation and acute-phase response
- Inflammation as a response to injury
- Damage-Associated Molecular Patterns
- Resolution of inflammation
- Regulation of inflammation by adaptive immunity
- Chronic Inflammation
Links
Series:
Categories:
Therapeutic Areas:
Talk Citation
Ghezzi, P. (2022, April 28). Inflammation: purposes, mechanisms and development [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved October 7, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/ITSI5072.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Pietro Ghezzi has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Other Talks in the Series: The Immune System - Key Concepts and Questions
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
My name is Pietro Ghezzi,
I'm a Professor of
General Pathology
at the University
of Urbino in Italy
and Emeritus Professor at Brighton
and Sussex Medical School.
This lecture will be
about inflammation.
Its purpose, its mechanisms
and how it develops.
0:19
Inflammation can be discussed
in different contexts.
As a mechanism of
innate immunity,
that is defence against
infectious pathogens.
As a response to injury,
and as a pathogenetic
mechanism in disease.
Even though the
word inflammation
normally recalls a
disease condition,
this is not the purpose why
we evolved this mechanism.
I will start with immunity
because I think that
is really the purpose
of inflammation.
0:59
What is the "function" of
the inflammatory response?
Probably the main
reason why it evolved
is as a mechanism in the
host defense from pathogens.
There is also another
aspect related to immunity.
That is how
inflammation develops
in the absence of an infection.
That will be the second
perspective that I will give.
1:27
Let's start with
inflammation as an aspect,
a mechanism of innate immunity.
1:36
Let's start by zooming
out and asking,
how do we survive an infection?
We have two major mechanisms
by which we survive
an infection.
Pathogen control
and damage control.
Pathogen control
is the mechanism
by which you decrease
the number of pathogens,
either by killing them or
by inhibiting their growth.
Damage control is how
we protect or adapt to
minimize the damage induced by
the infection, the pathogen.
Pathogen control,
decreasing the number of pathogens by
killing or inhibiting their growth,
is part of what we call, broadly,
immunity or the immune system.
Immunity has two arms.
Innate immunity, of which
inflammation is a part of,
and this is what will
be discussed today.
Then adaptive immunity.
That is T cells, B
cells, antibodies,
that is something else.