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1. Introduction
2. The MHC and MHC molecules (1)
3. What is the MHC?
4. A big puzzle for many years
5. MHC classical and non-classical molecules (1)
6. Classical MHC molecules play central roles in the adaptive immune system (1)
7. Two great domains of the cell: the cytoplasm and contiguous structures like the nucleus intracellular vesicles (similar to extracellular space)
8. CD8 T cells recognise class I molecules that bind peptides predominantly from the cytoplasm and contiguous structures like the nucleus
9. CD4 T cells recognise class II molecules that bind peptides predominantly from intracellular vesicles and the extracellular space
10. Classical MHC molecules play central roles in the adaptive immune system (2)
11. Classical and some non-classical class I molecules: important roles in immunity and other processes
12. T cells sense presence of antigen with positive signal while NK cells sense a balance of positive and negative signals
13. Some non-classical class I molecules are recognised by non-conventional T cells
14. The MHC and MHC molecules (2)
15. Class I and class II molecules look similar but with different domain and gene organisations
16. A more detailed structure of a classical class I molecule
17. Class I and class II molecules have similar domain structures, but differ in many details
18. Peptides bound to class I molecules have a few anchor residues which bind into deep(er) pockets
19. Peptides bound to class I molecules are tied down at the ends and bulge in the middle
20. In contrast, peptides bound to class II molecules lie flat and hang out the ends, with multiple anchor residues
21. TCRs generally bind a diagonal footprint on top: CDR1 and CDR2 over the MHC, and CDR3 over the peptide
22. TCRs generally bind a diagonal footprint on top, while co-receptors CD4 and CD8 focus (mostly) on a loop
23. Human NKRs (KIRs) bind the two alpha-helices on the top, along with a bit of the peptide
24. The MHC and MHC molecules (3)
25. MHC classical and non-classical molecules (2)
26. Typically, there are few classical MHC molecules, but there can be many non-classical MHC-like molecules
27. In mouse and humans, there are many non-classical class I-like molecules with a range of functions (1)
28. In mouse and humans, there are many non-classical class I-like molecules with a range of functions (2)
29. In mouse and humans, there are many non-classical class I-like molecules with a range of functions (3)
30. In mouse and humans, there are only three non-classical class II molecules
31. The MHC and MHC molecules (4)
32. The human MHC is an enormous region with many genes and much recombination separated into three big regions
33. MHC organisation is similar (but not identical among placental mammals
34. Summary

Topics Covered

• The definition and the central role of MHC molecules
• Classical class I and class II MHC molecules
• Non-classical MHC molecules
• MHC genes and organization in humans and mice
• Differences between class I and class II molecules
• The function of different MHC molecules in human and mice

Links

Series:

• The Immune System - Key Concepts and Questions

Categories:

• Immunology

Therapeutic Areas:

• Immunology & Inflammation

Talk Citation

Publication History

• Published on May 8, 2022

Financial Disclosures

• There are no commerical/financial matters to disclose.