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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Learning objective
- Developmental pharmacokinetics and -dynamics (1)
- Limited size, extensive variability
- Developmental pharmacokinetics and -dynamics (2)
- Tailored drugs for children
- Developmental ‘formulations/medical devices’
- Why this matters: off label, off target
- Developmental pharmacodynamics
- An illustration: chronic systemic corticosteroid use
- An illustration: esomeprazole PK/PD
- PK/PD integration in clinical studies
- Learning objective: PK
- Developmental (dis)continuum
- Aiming at a moving target
- Absorption, oral (food) related
- Absorption, other routes
- Distribution, concept
- Distribution, body (water) composition
- Developmental pharmacokinetics: clearance
- Covariates of drug metabolism
- Allometrics matters: children grow and mature
- Acetaminophen/paracetamol as an illustration
- Covariates of drug metabolism (1)
- Covariates of drug metabolism (2)
- Covariates of drug metabolism: age/weight
- Covariates of drug metabolism: pharmacogenetics
- Covariates of drug metabolism: disease severity
- Covariates of renal elimination
- Learning objective: PD
- Pharmacodynamics effects: CNS, pain assessment
- Pharmacodynamics, side effects: CNS
- Pharmacodynamics, safety/side effect: cardiac
- Cardiac system, QTc patterns
- Immunology/infectious disease
- Think positive
- Population PK as research tool
- Physiologically based pharmacokinetics
- How to integrate PK/PD, and safety?
- Thank you for attendance
Topics Covered
- Developmental pharmacokinetics and -dynamics
- Limited size, extensive variability
- Tailored drugs for children
- PK/PD integration in clinical studies
- Absorption, distribution and clearance
- Covariates of drug metabolism
- Allometrics matters: children grow and mature
- Pharmacodynamics effects, side effects and safety
Links
Series:
Categories:
Talk Citation
Allegaert, K. (2024, July 31). Pharmacokinetics, -dynamics and dosing considerations in children [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved October 6, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/HIPM8469.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- There are no commercial/financial matters to disclose. However, off label use of medicines is discussed.
Other Talks in the Series: Periodic Reports: Advances in Clinical Interventions and Research Platforms
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
Welcome to this lecture
on pharmacokinetics,
pharmacodynamics,
and dosing considerations
in children.
My name is Karel Allegaert.
I'm affiliated to two
university hospitals,
the Erasmus Medical
Center in Rotterdam,
as well as KU Leuven in Belgium.
0:19
As you can see on
the second slide,
our intention is actually
to reflect with you
on pharmacokinetics,
pharmacodynamics,
and related to that,
the safety of drugs in children,
be it newborns,
infants, or children,
or even adolescents.
As you can notice on this slide,
this is fundamentally
something different,
if you compare clinical
pharmacology in children
compared to other populations,
as a dose will result
in a concentration,
and a concentration will
result in an effect
or side effect.
That's the simple PK,
pharmacokinetics,
as well as the pharmacodynamics.
However, dosing will be
mainly determined by
maturational pharmacokinetics,
while effects may
also be driven by
maturational pharmacodynamics.
1:09
This is not new, as you
can see on the next slide,
because we already realized,
for more than 100 years,
that children, or pediatrics,
does not simply deal with
small men and women,
or miniature men and women.
But they have their own
independent range and horizon.
In essence, a child is
not just a small adult,
and nor is a newborn
just a small child.
1:34
To further reiterate
on that, actually,
a pregnant woman is neither a
woman with just a big belly.
All these special
populations do have
their specific characteristics
that should be considered
if you try to develop an
appropriate pharmacotherapy,
attaining the effects aimed for,
as well as avoiding the side
effects that should be avoided.
If you look at the next slide,