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0:00
I am Dr. Nigel Irwin from
the University of Ulster School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences.
This presentation is on peptide YY or PYY for short,
and its role in obesity and diabetes.
Essentially the talk will cover,
the idea that PYY can be used as a therapeutic for
both obesity and quite recently it can also be used for diabetes.
0:23
This is just some background into the area that I'm going to
discuss today: obesity and diabetes.
They're often grouped under
the same heading diabesity, because they're both very much linked diseases.
Indeed diabesity is considered the new epidemic of the 21st century,
and numbers are increasing at an alarming rate.
It is for that reason that we need to develop drugs to
both manage glucose control in diabetes,
but also with body weight issues in obesity.
0:51
So this is just some background into the number
of people presenting with obesity worldwide.
This data is from 2014,
and unfortunately numbers will have increased in the past two or three years.
However there is some alarming things to note on this figure.
You can see all the areas shaded in red, have an obesity rate greater than 25 percent.
So one in every four-person presents with obesity; with
a BMI greater than 30 kilograms per meter squared,
and these numbers, as I said are increasing at a very steady rate.
1:25
The story unfortunately, is exactly the same with type two diabetes.
We can see here some data from 1980 right through to 2014.
So again these numbers will have also increased in the past couple of years, since 2014,
but as you can see over that 30 year period,
there has been a remarkable increase in the number of
people presenting with type two diabetes. In particular
some regions of the world, where the increase has been
more than double, so places like the East Mediterranean region:
you can see it increased from 5.9 percent to 13.7 percent over that 35-year period
and this is steadily increasing.
Indeed if we look at the total number of people
presenting with type two diabetes in 2014,
it's an amazing 422 million people worldwide,
which accounts for about 8.5 percent of the total population.
So both obesity and diabetes are steadily increasing, year on year.
