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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Talk outline
- History of autophagy, Christian de Duve
- Autophagy-related genes
- There are three types of autophagy
- The process and regulation of autophagy
- Selective autophagy
- Methods
- Autophagy and cancer
- The role of autophagy in cancer
- Outline: Part 2
- Extracellular markers can be used to identify HSCs
- Autophagy is critical for normal HSC function
- CML is caused by a chromosomal translocation
- Bcr-Abl drives myeloid differentiation
- Measurements of quiescence
- Bcr-Abl progenitors do not generate CML
- Small molecules that can inhibit Bcr-Abl activity
- Disease after imatinib discontinuation
- Are CML stem cells addicted to Bcr-Abl?
- CML stem cells survive complete Bcr-Abl inhibition
- Quiescent CML cells are insensitive to imatinib
- Do CML stem cells rely on autophagy for survival?
- TKI treatment induces autophagy
- mRFP-GFP-LC3 system
- Dasatinib induces autophagy in KCL22 cells
- Bez-235 induces autophagy in CML cells
- Autophagy in CML CD34+ cell
- ATG7-KD reduces autophagy in CML CD34+ cells
- Specific autophagy inhibition
- Eradicating CML by combination therapy (1)
- Eradicating CML by combination therapy (2)
- Development of novel autophagy inhibitors
- The process and regulation of selective autophagy
- Emerging autophagy modulators
- Contact information
Topics Covered
- History of autophagy
- Types of autophagy
- Methods for monitoring autophagy
- Autophagy and cancer
- The role of autophagy in haematopoiesis
- Autophagy & chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML)
- Future autophagy inhibitors
Links
Series:
Categories:
Therapeutic Areas:
Talk Citation
Helgason, V. (2018, March 28). Latest development in therapy-related autophagy research [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 7, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/YTCP4871.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Dr. Vignir Helgason has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Other Talks in the Series: Periodic Reports: Advances in Clinical Interventions and Research Platforms
Transcript
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0:00
Welcome to this biomedical and life sciences collection lecture
on the latest development in "Translational Autophagy Research".
My name is Vignir Helgason.
And I lead a research team that focuses on leukemia at
the Wolfson Wohl Cancer Research Center at the University of Glasgow.
0:20
In the first part of this lecture,
I aim to introduce the process of autophagy,
an important housekeeping process in the body
that has implications in human health and diseases,
with over 60 papers published per week on this subject,
the autophagy field is rapidly growing
and many great discoveries have been made in recent years.
My intention here is therefore not to review
the ever expanding autophagy literature in details,
but to rather broadly discuss different types of autophagy and the
role of autophagy in cancer prevention, development and treatment.
I will also aim to direct the viewers to recently published reviews
and all the relevant biomedical and life sciences
collection lectures from experts in the field.
In the second part,
I will particularly focus on the role of autophagy in haematopoiesis and leukemia,
and use as an example,
published work from my laboratory where we have been trying to assess,
if autophagy is a relevant target for
selective eradication of leukemic stem cells in chronic myeloid leukemia.
1:26
Lysosomes are a membrane bound organelle found in nearly all animal cells.
They were first described in the laboratory of Christian de Duve.
A discovery that significantly contributed to him
being awarded the Nobel Prize in Physiology and Medicine in 1974,
for elucidating the structural and functional organisation of the cell.
Christian also coined the term "autophagy" during a lysosomal conference in 1963.
The word autophagy is based on its Greek origin and literally means "self-eating",
that is auto=self and phagy means eating.
Now, since then many key discoveries have been made
that have increased our understanding of the mechanism of autophagy,
from yeast to cultural cells into mice and even
leading to phase I and phase II clinical trials in cancer patients.
Indeed, this has been recognized by the research community.