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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Lecture structure
- Hallmarks of cancer
- Colorectal carcinoma
- Caecal polyps at different stages of development
- The challenge faced by targeted chemotherapy
- Gene therapy providing cells with new ways to die
- Advanced cancer is a bodywide disease
- Systemic delivery of cancer gene therapy
- Blood supply to the liver vs. the tumour
- The keys to success with gene therapy
- Adenovirus
- Cancer gene therapy: strategies
- P53 supplementation gene therapy
- Tumour necrosis factor as an anticancer agent
- TNFerade
- TNFerade: phase 1 trial
- TNFerade: phase 3 trial
- Virotherapy
- Lytic viruses: candidates for virotherapy
- Why use oncolytic viruses?
- Clinical trials with wild type viruses
- Why tumours are permissive for wild type viruses
- Interferon normally defends cells against viruses
- Viruses turn off PKR to make cell “permissive”
- Tumours with Ras mutation have inactivated PKR
- Mechanism of tumour selectivity of Reovirus
- Options for virotherapy
- Adenovirus structure & mechanism of infection
- The ‘Onyx virus’ (015) lacks E1B55kD
- ONYX-015 - a replication selective adenovirus
- Oncolytic virotherapy with an Adenovirus (1)
- Oncolytic virotherapy with an Adenovirus (2)
- Oncolytic virotherapy: TEM image
- Oncolytic virotherapy: approved in China
- ColoAd1: virotherapy designed by bioselection
- Genetic characterisation of ColoAd1
- ColoAd1 is active in whole human blood
- Viruses can produce therapeutic proteins
- Targeted expression of biological therapies
- Oncolytic vaccinia virus (Jx594)
- Activity of mutant virus in normal cells
- Activity of mutant vaccinia virus in tumour cells
- Clinical trial of Jx594 in liver cancer
- OncoVEX GM-CSF
- Phase 3 Talimogene Laherparepvec (T-VEC) trial
- Future of cancer virotherapy
Topics Covered
- Mutations and microenvironment in cancer
- The challenge of cancer gene therapy
- Cancer gene therapy strategies: p53 and TNF
- Virotherapy against tumour cells
- Virotherapy studies with wild-type vs. genetically-engineered viruses (Adenovirus, Vaccinia & Herpes)
- Future of cancer virotherapy
Links
Series:
Categories:
Therapeutic Areas:
Talk Citation
Seymour, L. (2022, July 12). Gene therapy and virotherapy in the treatment of cancer [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 6, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/GAVZ3472.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Leonard Seymour has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Other Talks in the Series: Immunotherapy of Cancer
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
My
name is Leonard Seymour.
I'm professor of gene therapy
at the University of Oxford.
And I'm going to talk to
you today about gene therapy
and virotherapy for the
treatment of cancer.
And I'll tell you where I think
we are with this field, what are
the main aspects of the field
which have been important,
and what we can
expect from the field.
0:19
So in terms of the lecture, I'll
speak briefly about the background
of cancer to give some
introduction to what I think
are the important
contexts and why gene
therapy and virotherapy
are useful treatments.
I'll talk about cancer gene therapy.
Specifically I'll
mention the challenge
of delivering DNA and
viruses to tumors.
And I'll talk about some of
the approaches which have been
employed using p53
replacement and TNF.
But mainly I'm going to talk
about the use of virotherapy, what
it is, why it's good, how it works.
And I'll give some examples
of the sorts of treatments
which are being developed
and where they are clinically
and where we're
expecting them to go.
0:58
So if I might start talking
about the hallmarks of cancer,
this is a concept that
has been developed
over the last several years
as being the features that
distinguish tumor cells
from normal cells.
Hanahan and Weinberg put
together the exposition of this.
And they've developed
it again recently.
And there are now about 10
different hallmarks of cancer.
These are features which tumors and
tumor cells develop which make them
distinct from normal cells and gives
us an opportunity for intervention.
So for example, they
evade apoptosis.
They are self-sufficient in
maintaining their growth.
They tend to be insensitive to
signals that turn off growth.
They grow limitlessly.
Many other aspects, several of
which are exploited in chemotherapy.
But increasingly, many
of which are being
developed in the
field of virotherapy.
So I will pick up on several of
these different features of tumors
as ways that we can develop viruses
that will selectively treat tumors.