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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Outline
- Definitions and pathologies
- Endemic treponemal iInfections
- Epidemiology, 1948
- Geographical distribution, 2018
- Number of cases
- Distribution
- Imported cases
- Causative agents
- Pathogenesis
- Pathology (1)
- Pathology (2)
- Transmission
- Clinical presentation
- Clinical manifestations: primary yaws (1)
- Clinical manifestations: primary yaws (2)
- Differential diagnosis
- Clinical manifestations: secondary yaws
- Radiographical imaging
- Latent infection
- Clinical manifestations: tertiary yaws
- Diagnosis
- Diagnostic tests
- Non-treponemal tests
- Treponemal tests
- Rapid diagnostic tests
- Direct tests
- Macrolide resistance mutations
- Interpretation of results
- Clinical case number 1
- Clinical case number 2
- Therapy
- Antimicrobial susceptibility
- Treatment regimens
- Preferred antimicrobial regimens
- Efficacy results for azithromycin on yaws (1)
- Efficacy results for azithromycin on yaws (2)
- Efficacy results for azithromycin on yaws (3)
- Clinical response
- Serological response
- Clinical case number 3
- Clinical case number 4
- Eradication strategy
- Azithromycin for mass drug administration (MDA)
- Eradication is feasible (WHO target 2030)
- The Morges Strategy
- Criteria for interruption of yaws transmission
- Yaws program procedure for mass treatment
- Study in Papua New Guinea, 2018
- Results of study in Papua New Guinea (1)
- Results of study in Papua New Guinea (2)
- Conclusions on TCT for yaws
- Progress towards eradication (1)
- Progress towards eradication (2)
- Acknowledgements
Topics Covered
- Epidemiology, microbiology, and histopathology
- Clinical presentation
- Recent developments in diagnosis and treatment
- Strategy for eradication
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Talk Citation
Mitjà, O. (2020, September 30). Yaws: past and present eradication efforts [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 14, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/KOMW3877.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Oriol Mitjà has no commercial/financial relationships to disclose.
Yaws: past and present eradication efforts
Published on September 30, 2020
28 min
HSTalks is pleased to grant unrestricted complimentary access to all lectures in the series Neglected Tropical Diseases. Persons not at a subscribing institution should sign up for a personal account.
Other Talks in the Series: Neglected Tropical Diseases
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
My name is Oriol Mitjà .
I work at the Foundation for AIDS and Infectious Diseases Research in Barcelona.
Today I will talk about Yaws.
0:12
The talk will be divided in five major sections:
definition and pathology, clinical presentation,
diagnosis, therapy, and eradication strategies.
0:26
Yaws is an infectious disease caused by Treponema pallidum, subspecies pertenue.
This bacteria is spiral in shape and it is related to
other human treponemal infections like syphilis, bejel and pinta.
The human treponematosis can be differentiated by clinical manifestations,
geographic distribution and molecular diagnostic testing,
but cannot be differentiated by microscopy or serology.
0:54
Yaws was among the first public health problems addressed by
WHO in 1948 when it was established.
At that time, there were 96 endemic countries that are shadowed in gray in this map,
and about 15 million cases of yaws.
Between 1952 and 1964,
WHO led worldwide mass treatment campaigns to eradicate yaws.
Over 300 million examinations were conducted and
the number of yaws cases was reduced to 0.5 million.
But some areas were left untreated and yaws began to reemerge in the late 1970s.
1:27
Currently, 14 countries are known to be endemic in tropical regions of Africa,
Southeast Asia, and the Pacific.
Only two countries that are highlighted in green,
which are India and Ecuador,
have reported interruption of transmission.
Another 80 countries shadowed in gray have an unknown status
and need to be reassessed to determine whether transmission has been interrupted.