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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Talk outline
- Finite lifespan of individual yeast cells
- Yeast replicative lifespan (RLS) & ageing research
- Mechanisms of yeast ageing
- Mitochondria play an unexpected role in yeast RLS
- Mitochondria become dysfunctional during ageing
- Compensation of the retrograde response
- Conservation of the retrograde response
- Asymmetric partition of dysfunctional mitochondria
- Asymmetric segregation of damage & dysfunction
- Molecular memory & epigenetic gene regulation
- Histone deacetylases regulate RLS
- Histone acetylases impact RLS
- Histone acetylation status regulates RLS
- Elevation of histone abundance increases RLS
- The ageing locus (AGE) & ribosomal DNA (rDNA)
- The retrograde response
- Mitochondrial dysfunction
- Chronological lifespan (CLS) & retention of viability
- Survival in stationary phase
- RAS2 and stress
- The role of SIR2
- Sphingolipids play similar roles in CLS & RLS
- The role of the TOR pathway
- The role of mitochondrial signaling
- Nutrient limitation extends RLS and CLS
- SIR2 and limitation of nutrients
- Attenuation of nutrient signaling by TOR
- Natural genetic variation
- Mechanisms of determination of RLS
- Summary (1)
- Summary (2)
- Acknowledgments
Topics Covered
- History of studies on yeast ageing
- Senescence factor, molecular memory, and age locus
- Mitochondria and ageing
- Age asymmetry and cell quality control
- Epigenetic gene regulation and ageing
- Genome instability as a cause of ageing
- Replicative and chronological lifespans
- Nutrient effects on lifespan
- Aging in the wild
Talk Citation
Jazwinski, S.M. (2016, May 31). Yeast studies on ageing [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved October 14, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/VONC5523.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. S. Michal Jazwinski has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Other Talks in the Series: Aging
Transcript
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0:00
My
name is Michal Jazwinski,
I'm at Tulane University,
and today, I will be
discussing yeast studies on ageing.
0:09
During this talk, I will present
a brief history of yeast ageing
research and how this work
contributed to the understanding
that genes play a
major role in ageing.
I will discuss three concepts
that arose from early studies
of ageing using yeast as a model.
I will then show how these
concepts to encompass
the role of mitochondria in ageing,
the phenomenon of age asymmetry
as a cell quality control mechanism,
the impact of epigenetic regulation
of gene expression on ageing, and
the importance of genome stability
in ageing.
This talk will end
with a juxtaposition
of two different models
of ageing that are
widely used replicated lifespan
and chronological lifespan.
The impact of nutrient
limitation on ageing
is an obvious element
of consideration here.
Finally, the relevance
of examination
of the impact of natural genetic
variation on yeast ageing
will be considered.
1:02
In 1959, Mortimer and Johnston
published a brief letter
with one figure showing
that individual yeast cells
divide a limited number of times.
They are mortal.
Later, this finite life
span of dividing yeast cells
became known as the Replicated
Life Span, or RLS for short.
Interestingly, only two years later
in 1961, Hayflick and Morehead
showed that normal diploid
human fibroblasts have
a limit to their population
doubling levels,
another example of a finite
replicative life span.
The finding of Hayflick
and Morehead immediately
drew much attention because it
contested long-held beliefs.