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Welcome, everyone. This
is Dr. David Ranz from
the Barcelona College of
Chiropractic, where I'm
the head of the
foundational studies
and teacher of human anatomy.
Today, I'm going to present
the organs of the neck.
Let's start by taking a look at
the objectives of this lecture.
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First, we'll define the neck
and identify its
different compartments.
Then, we will describe
the thyroid and parathyroid
glands and review
the anatomical relations,
vascularization,
and innervation.
We'll continue by
identifying and describing
the larynx and its multiple
cartilages and ligaments.
Then, we will review
the laryngeal joints and
the cavity of the larynx.
We will continue by locating and
describing the intrinsic
muscles of the larynx.
Then, review the vascularization
and innervation of the larynx;
explain its functions to
finish with a quick review of
the segments of the esophagus
and the trachea
located at the neck.
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To define the neck,
we can say it is a tube
connecting and providing
continuity from the
head to the trunk.
In the anterior aspect,
it extends from the
lower border of
the mandible to
the upper surface
of the manubrium of the sternum,
and in the posterior aspect from
the superior nuchal line
of the occipital bone
to the intervertebral
disc between
the C7 and the T1 vertebra.
Regarding its internal
organization,
we can distinguish four
compartments as shown in
this image, where
we can distinguish
the visceral compartment,
which is anterior and contains
parts of the digestive
and respiratory systems,
and some endocrine glands.
The vertebral
compartment, which is
posterior and contains
the cervical vertebra,
spinal cord,
cervical nerves, and
muscles associated with
the vertebral column,
and two vascular lateral
compartments at each side.
You can see them in
blue, which contain
the major blood vessels and
the vagus nerve, which is
the 10th cranial pair.
All these compartments
are contained
within unique layers of
the cervical fissure.
For this lecture, we're
going to focus on
the visceral compartment
and the organs it contains.
Most anterior in this
compartment, we find the thyroid
and parathyroid glands belonging
to the endocrine system.
Posterior to the
glands, we can locate
the larynx component of the
respiratory system that is
continued inferiorly
by the trachea,
which will inferiorly
divide into
the two main bronchi,
and posterior
to these organs and just
anterior to the cervical spine.
We have the esophagus, which
belongs to the digestive system.
