Printable Handouts

PDF

Navigable Slide Index

1. Introduction
2. AITD
3. Etiology of AITD
4. Infectious trigger of AITD
5. Infection and AITD
6. Molecular mimicry: mechanism of AI induction
7. Bystander activation: mechanism of AI induction
8. Etiology of AITD: iodine
9. Iodine and AITD
10. Iodine and AITD - mechanisms
11. Etiology of AITD: stress
12. Stress and Graves' disease
13. Etiology of AITD: smoking
14. Smoking and AITD
15. Smoking and AITD - summary
16. Environmental risk factors for AITD
17. Epidemiological evidence for genetic susceptibility
18. AITD cluster in families
19. AITD's cluster in families
20. Evidence for genetic susceptibility to AITD
21. Twin studies in AITD
22. Methods for identifying complex disease genes
23. Susceptibility genes for complex diseases
24. Identifying complex diseases genes
25. Susceptibility genes identified in AITD
26. Putative AITD susceptibility genes in Caucasians
27. The immunological synapse
28. HLA-DR in GD
29. HLA associations in GD (Caucasians)
30. Association of HLA-DR sequence variants and GD
31. Amino acid sequences of HLA-DR3 subtypes
32. HLA-DR peptide binding groove
33. Peptide binding groove structure: Arg74 and Gln74
34. Suggested mechanism
35. HLA-DR summary
36. The CTLA-4 gene in AITD (2q)
37. Function of CTLA-4
38. CTLA-4 studies in AITD (Caucasians)
39. Which sequence variant causes predisposition?
40. These polymorphisms are in LD
41. Functional studies
42. Blocking CTLA-4 augments T-cell proliferation
43. GG genotype associates with reduced CTLA-4
44. Direct functional studies
45. The mapped causative polymorphism to CTLA-4
46. CTLA-4 summary
47. The CD40 gene in GD
48. Function of CD40
49. A new SNP in the Kozak sequence of CD40
50. Four studies of the CD40 kozak SNP in GD
51. Kozak sequences influence initiation of translation
52. CD40 protein formed in the presence of C/T alleles
53. CD40 synthesis in vitro assay
54. CD40 surface expression on Rat2 cells
55. CD40 expression on B cells
56. FACS analysis of CD19+CD40+ purified B cells
57. Increased translation of CD40 driven by the C allele
58. Summary - CD40
59. Development of AITD

Topics Covered

• Autoimmune thyroid diseases (AITD): Graves' diseases (GD) and Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT)
• The pathogenesis of GD and HT involves infiltration of the thyroid by T lymphocytes
• Genetic susceptibility in combination with external factors are believed to initiate the autoimmune response to thyroid antigens in AITD
• Mapping of loci linked with AITD: CTLA- 4 on 2q, thyroglobulin on 8q and CD40 on 20q
• HapMap SNP maps
• Some of these genes predispose to a single phenotype (GD or HT) while other genes are common to both diseases

Links

Series:

• Autoimmunity

Categories:

• Diseases, Disorders, & Treatments
• Immunology

Therapeutic Areas:

• Immunology & Inflammation

Talk Citation

Tomer, Y. (2007, October 1). Genetic and environmental triggers of autoimmune thyroid diseases [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved October 18, 2018, from https://hstalks.com/bs/198/.

Talk Information

• Published on October 1, 2007