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Thigh, gluteal region, and knee joint

Published on November 30, 2023   48 min

A selection of talks on Physiology & Anatomy

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0:00
My name is Hannah Shaw, I'm a reader at Cardiff University. I'm going to be giving you a talk on the thigh, gluteal region, and knee joint. By the end of the session,
0:11
by the end of the talk, you should be able to describe the anatomy of the gluteal region of the thigh, but also describe the femoral triangle, and explain its clinical significance. We also cover the anatomy of the knee joint.
0:27
Firstly, we just need to think about the functions of the lower limb. It is very important in supporting the weight of the body, but also in locomotion, so moving the body through space.
0:39
You have got the bones of the hip, the thigh, and the knee. What we're going to do is cover the basic osteology of the region, so you understand how everything is built up and developed around it. The first thing you have is the pelvic bone, and this forms part of the pelvis. Firstly, we have the pelvic bone, and this is actually formed by three separate bones, the ilium, the ischium, and the pubis. We then have a long bone of the thigh, which is known as the femur. Then two bones in the leg, the tibia and the fibula. We then have a small sesamoid bone called the patella. These contribute to the joints of the lower limb, which are essential for locomotion.
1:21
These joints are the hip, which is formed by the contribution of the pelvic bone. Here is the pelvic bone. We have this deep fossa here called the acetabulum. The acetabulum is quite a deep socket into which this bulbous part, the head of the femur fits. This is a synovial ball and socket joint, which allows a bit of movement that allows a bit of movement during flexion, extension, abduction, adduction during walking, but it is actually quite a stable joint because of this deep socket and the head of the femur fitting into it. It makes it quite stable, but also permits a reasonable amount of movement. The hip joint is created by the acetabulum and the head of the femur.

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