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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Tuberculosis (TB): the #1 infectious killer
- Determinants of TB epidemiology
- Outline
- Global incidence of TB
- Heterogeneity in TB incidence
- TB incidence by age and sex
- TB prevalence
- TB mortality
- Disparities in TB mortality
- TB and HIV
- Drug-resistant TB
- Extrapulmonary TB
- Latent TB infection
- Prevalence of TB infection
- Recent data on TB progression
- TB in children
- Risk factors for TB: 3 major categories
- Risk factors for TB: population attributable fractions
- Epidemiology of the TB response: diagnosis
- Epidemiology of TB response: treatment success
- Epidemiology of the TB response: prevention
- Summary: basic epidemiology of tuberculosis
Topics Covered
- Key indicators of TB epidemiology
- Key populations
- TB infection
- TB in children
- Risk factors for TB infection
- Epidemiology of the TB response
Links
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Talk Citation
Dowdy, D. (2021, November 28). The basic epidemiology of tuberculosis (TB) [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 5, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/VNZB5496.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Dr. David Dowdy has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
A selection of talks on Microbiology
Transcript
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0:00
Hello, my name is David Dowdy.
I'm an associate professor in the Department of Epidemiology at the Johns Hopkins
Bloomberg School of Public Health.
It's my pleasure today to give you an introduction to the epidemiology of tuberculosis (or TB).
0:15
TB is the leading single-agent cause of infectious deaths worldwide,
or at least was before the COVID-19 pandemic.
Over time, it is estimated that TB has killed over one billion people since 1800.
Every year, TB continues to cause an estimated 1.4 million deaths every year,
despite being fully curable in at least 95 per cent of all cases.
0:48
The epidemiology of TB reflects a series of unique characteristics, that include those of the pathogen,
those of the host, and those of the environment.
From a pathogen perspective, TB is one of very few diseases that are truly airborne,
so everyone is at risk, because everyone has to breathe.
From a host perspective, most people who are infected with TB are able to contain this infection
without developing disease, but a number of people do develop disease,
and this so-called 'reactivation' can occur many years after the initial infection.
From an environmental perspective, there are a number of environmental factors that raise
the risk of TB progression and of TB infection, including poverty,
but also things such as crowding and malnutrition.
All three of these components - the pathogen, host, and environment -
contribute to the epidemiology of tuberculosis worldwide.