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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Overview
- Learning objectives
- Limited in number, toxic or not very effectivie
- Almost all antifungals target the cell wall or membrane
- Classes of antifungal drugs
- Antifungal class 1: polyenes
- Polyenes: amphotericin B
- New formulations of AMB
- Class 2: ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors
- Ergosterol biosynthesis inhibitors: azoles
- Class 3: nucleic acid synthesis inhibitors
- Class 4: echinocandins
- Summary of sites of action of current antifungals
- Problems with current antifungals
- Problems with current antifungals: adverse reactions
- Problems with current antifungals: resistance
- Resistance to antifungals: susceptibility testing
- Resistance to antifungals: sensitivity testing
- Clinical breakpoints and 90-60 rule
- Mechanisms of resistance: AMB
- Mechanisms of resistance: azoles
- Mechanisms of resistance: 5FC
- Mechanisms of resistance: echinocandins
- Cellular mechanisms of resistance
- Multi-drug resistance
- Multi-drug resistance: Candida auris
- How do we develop new antifungals?
- New antifungals: identifying new targets
- Genomics for drug testing discovery
- Drug re-positioning
- Re-positioning existing approved medications
- Increase the efficacy of existing antifungals
- Mechanisms of synergy between antifungals
- Simultaneous inhibition of different fungal targets
- Potent initial drug activity clears fungal burden and increases efficacy of second drug
- Increase penetration of one drug due to cell wall/membrane activity of a second drug
- Interfer with transport interactions
- Antagonism between antifungal agents
- Synergistic combinations to treat cryptococcal meningitis
- Conclusion
Topics Covered
- Currently available antifungals
- Limitations of current antifungal treatments
- Multi-drug resistance
- Developing new antifungals
- Susceptibility testing
- 90-60 rule
- Repositioning/repurposing drugs
- Drug synergy
Links
Categories:
Therapeutic Areas:
External Links
Talk Citation
Carter, D. (2023, April 30). Antifungal agents: mechanisms of action, resistance and new strategies for drug development [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved October 12, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/KRLN1392.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Dee Carter has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Antifungal agents: mechanisms of action, resistance and new strategies for drug development
Published on April 30, 2023
44 min
A selection of talks on Pharmaceutical Sciences
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
Hello. My name is Dee Carter.
I'm a professor of
microbiology at
the School of Life and
Environmental Sciences
at the University of Sydney,
New South Wales,
here in Australia.
The topic I'm going
to talk to you about
today is antifungal agents,
their mechanisms of
action, resistance,
and new strategies
for drug development.
0:21
To give you a general
overview of the talk today,
what we're going to go through
is first we're
going to talk about
why it's difficult to discover
new antifungal agents.
Then we'll go
through the classes
of existing antifungal agents,
looking a bit at
their structure,
their activity, and
their efficacy.
We'll take a look at
the problems that
these current
antifungal agents have.
And then we'll take a
look at drug resistance,
we'll see how we can
test for resistance,
we'll see the molecular
mechanisms behind resistance,
and we'll talk a bit about
multi-drug resistance.
Then finally, we'll talk a
bit about how we can go about
potentially developing
new antifungal therapies.
So, we'll look at
new targets and
new drugs, we'll look at
repurposing of existing drugs,
and we'll look at synergy with
other antifungals and with
other agents, as well.
1:09
Based on this lecture,
you should be able to know
at the end, first of all,
why it's difficult to develop
new antifungals and why
they're often toxic,
the four different classes of
antifungal drugs and a
bit about how they work,
some of the problems that these
current antifungals have,
the different types of
antifungal drug resistance and
the mechanisms of resistance
in those different classes,
some of the concepts behind
developing new drugs,
including developing
novel drugs,
enhancing existing drugs, and
repurposing
non-antifungal drugs, and
finally, the various
ways in which
drugs can act synergistically.
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