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1. Introduction
2. Talk outline
3. Adaptive immune responses
4. Macrophage engulfing bacteria
5. Dendritic cells in association with T cells
6. The immune response to pathogens
7. Th1 and Th2 cells in immune regulation
8. Th1 and Th2 subsets originally doubted
9. Testing Th1 and Th2 differentiation
10. Main cytokines driving Th1 or Th2 differentiation
11. Cytokines regulate Th1 & Th2 cells development
12. How Th1 & Th2 cells develop from a naive T cell
13. Cells involved in a Th2 response
14. Cytokine regulation of a specific host defense
15. Helminth infections and the immune response
16. Th2 specific transcription factors
17. GATA-3 promotes Th2 response via 3 mechanisms
18. Importance of Th1 producing IFN-gamma cells (1)
19. Importance of Th1 producing IFN-gamma cells (2)
20. Susceptibility and resistance to Leishmania major
21. Pulmonary tuberculosis and a Th1 cytokine profile
22. IL-12 & Th1 responses in mycobacterial infections
23. Th1-type responses importance: also in mice
24. Critical role of TNF in controlling Mtb infection
25. Th1 response differentiation pathway
26. The IL-12 family
27. IL-23 role in autoimmune inflammation of the brain
28. Alternative IL-23 dependent T cell population
29. Experimental data for the role of IL-23 in EAE
30. How IL-23 may induce autoimmune inflammation
31. IL-17 & IFN-gamma and pathogenesis in EAE
32. IL-17 response important in pathogen eradication
33. Th cell differentiation pathways
34. The expanding family of innate lymphoid cells
35. Th1 and Th2 differentiation and cytokines involved
36. Factors underlying Th cell differentiation & function
37. Regulating immune responses: IL-10, Foxp3+ Treg
38. Controlling the immune responses
39. Suppressor cells
40. Discovery of IL-10: originally called CSIF
41. B cells produce IL-10 but can stimulate Th1 cells
42. IL-10: an anti-inflammatory cytokine
43. Role of IL-10 in infection
44. How IL-10 levels may increase in disease
45. Enhanced IL-10 levels following antigen challenge
46. Layers of regulation of the immune response
47. IL-10 production in the gut
48. Soluble antigen inhibits Th1 response via IL-10
49. Tolerance induction by soluble antigen
50. Neutralization of IL-10 and Th1 recall responses
51. IL-10 production in the innate immune response
52. Induction of colonic regulatory T cells
53. IL-10 knockout versus Foxp3 knockout
54. IL-10 limits the immune response
55. The role of IL-10 in the immune response
56. Cytokines limit immunopathology
57. IL-10 and infection
58. Treg cells control bacteria persistence & immunity
59. CD4+ IFNgamma/IL-10 double producers
60. IL-10 inhibits protective Th1 responses
61. Summary: IL-10 production in the immune system
62. IL-10 role in immune response: stage, specificity

Topics Covered

• Cell-cell and cytokine interactions regulating the induction and suppression of cellular immune responses
• Th1 and Th2 cells in immune regulation
• Immunosuppressive functions of IL-10
• Inhibition of antigen presentation by dendritic cells and macrophages and reduction in their production of proinflammatory cytokines
• Dendritic cells and IL-12 activation of T-cells leading to subsequent eradication of intracellular pathogens
• Roles of IL-17, IL-23 and IFN-gamma in pathogenesis and inflammation

Links

Series:

• Cytokines

Categories:

• Immunology

Therapeutic Areas:

• Immunology & Inflammation

Talk Citation

O’Garra, A. (2012, December 27). Regulation of the immune response to pathogens 1 [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved April 15, 2025, from https://doi.org/10.69645/QPFT4840.
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Publication History

• Published on December 27, 2012

Financial Disclosures

• Prof. Anne O’Garra has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.