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- Fundamental aspects
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1. Inflammation and tissue homeostasis
- Prof. Herman Waldmann
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2. Introduction to the immune system
- Prof. Herman Waldmann
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3. Hematopoiesis: the making of an immune system
- Prof. Paul J. Fairchild
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4. Inflammation: purposes, mechanisms and development
- Prof. Pietro Ghezzi
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5. Phagocytosis
- Dr. Eileen Uribe-Querol
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6. Regulated cell death mechanisms and their crosstalk with the immune system 1
- Dr. Luis Alberto Baena-Lopez
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7. Regulated cell death mechanisms and their crosstalk with the immune system 2
- Dr. Luis Alberto Baena-Lopez
- Innate immunity
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11. Cells of the innate immune system
- Prof. Kevin Maloy
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12. Microbial recognition and the immune response
- Dr. Dana Philpott
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13. Toll-like receptor signalling during infection and inflammation
- Prof. Luke O'Neill
- Intercellular mediators
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14. Chemokines
- Dr. James E. Pease
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15. Cytokines
- Prof. Iain McInnes
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16. IL-1 family cytokines as the canonical DAMPs of the immune system
- Prof. Seamus Martin
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17. Glycoimmunology
- Prof. Paula Videira
- Adaptive immunity B cells
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20. Antigen recognition in the immune system
- Prof. Herman Waldmann
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21. B cell biology
- Prof. Richard Cornall
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22. Antibody structure and function: antibody structure
- Dr. Mike Clark
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23. Antibody structure and function: antibody function
- Dr. Mike Clark
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24. Antibody genes and diversity
- Dr. Mike Clark
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25. In vivo antibody discovery and hybridoma technology
- Prof. Dr. Katja Hanack
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26. Antibody engineering: beginnings to bispecifics and beyond
- Dr. Ian Wilkinson
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28. The immunobiology of Fc receptors
- Prof. Mark Cragg
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29. Immunoreceptors
- Prof. Anton van der Merwe
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30. Affinity, avidity and kinetics in immune recognition
- Prof. Anton van der Merwe
- Adaptive immunity T cells
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31. The thymus and T cell development: a primer
- Prof. Georg Holländer
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32. Lineage decisions in the thymus: T cell lineage commitment
- Prof. Bruno Silva-Santos
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33. Lineage decisions in the thymus: αβ and γδ T cell lineages
- Prof. Bruno Silva-Santos
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34. CD4 T cell subsets
- Dr. Brigitta Stockinger
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35. Cytotoxic T lymphocytes
- Prof. Gillian Griffiths
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36. Gamma delta T-cells
- Prof. Bruno Silva-Santos
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37. Tfh and Tfr cells
- Prof. Luis Graca
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38. Tissue resident memory T cells (TRM)
- Dr. Marc Veldhoen
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39. Mathematical modeling in immunology
- Prof. Ruy M. Ribeiro
- The importance of the MHC in immunity
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40. The MHC and MHC molecules 1
- Prof. Jim Kaufman
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41. The MHC and MHC molecules 2
- Prof. Jim Kaufman
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42. Natural killer cells
- Dr. Philippa Kennedy
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44. NK cells in viral immunity
- Prof. Lewis Lanier
- Lymphocyte activation
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45. Signal transduction by leukocyte receptors
- Dr. Omer Dushek
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46. Immunological memory 1
- Prof. David Gray
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47. Immunological memory 2
- Prof. David Gray
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48. Studying immune responses “one cell at a time”
- Dr. Mir-Farzin Mashreghi
- Major cellular partners in immunity
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49. The mononuclear phagocyte system - tissue resident macrophages: distribution and functions
- Prof. Emeritus Siamon Gordon
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50. The mononuclear phagocyte system: tissue resident macrophages - activation and regulation
- Prof. Emeritus Siamon Gordon
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51. Dendritic cells: professional antigen presenting cells
- Prof. Paul J. Fairchild
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52. Mucosal immunology
- Prof. Daniel Mucida
- Immunological tolerance and regulation
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53. Self-tolerance
- Prof. Herman Waldmann
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54. Tolerance and autoimmunity
- Prof. Emerita Anne Cooke
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55. The balance between intestinal immune homeostasis and inflammation
- Prof. Dr. Janneke Samsom
- Translational immunology - immune deficiency
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56. Primary immunodeficiency disorders
- Dr. Smita Y. Patel
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57. Changes in innate and adaptive immunity during human ageing 1
- Dr. Roel De Maeyer
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58. Changes in innate and adaptive immunity during human ageing 2
- Dr. Roel De Maeyer
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59. The aging immune system
- Prof. Ana Caetano
- Translational immunology - protection against pathogenic microbes
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60. Immune responses to viruses
- Prof. Paul Klenerman
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61. HIV and the immune system
- Prof. Quentin Sattentau
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62. COVID-19: the anti-viral immune response
- Prof. Danny Altmann
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63. Bacterial immune evasion
- Prof. Christoph Tang
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64. The immunology underlying tuberculosis
- Prof. Thomas R. Hawn
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65. Innate immunity to fungi
- Prof. Gordon D. Brown
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66. Parasite immunity: introduction and Plasmodium
- Dr. Catarina Gadelha
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67. Parasite immunity: Leishmania and Schistosoma
- Dr. Catarina Gadelha
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68. Vaccination
- Dr. Anita Milicic
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69. The history of vaccines 1
- Prof. Emeritus Anthony R. Rees
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70. The history of vaccines 2
- Prof. Emeritus Anthony R. Rees
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71. The history of vaccines 3
- Prof. Emeritus Anthony R. Rees
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72. The science of vaccine adjuvants
- Dr. Derek O'Hagan
- Translational immunology - hypersensitivity, autoimmune disease and their management
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73. Hypersensitivity diseases: type 1 hypersensitivity
- Prof. Herman Waldmann
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74. Innate lymphoid cells in allergy
- Prof. Emeritus Shigeo Koyasu
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75. Hypersensitivity diseases: type II-IV hypersensitivity
- Prof. Sara Marshall
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76. B cells at the crossroads of autoimmune diseases
- Dr. Xiang Lin
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77. Interleukin-17: from clone to clinic
- Prof. Leonie Taams
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78. Autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes
- Prof. Emerita Anne Cooke
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79. What is new in type 1 diabetes?
- Prof. Åke Lernmark
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80. Antibodies to control or prevent type 1 diabetes
- Dr. Robert Hilbrands
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81. Monoclonal antibodies in haemato-oncology
- Prof. Mark Cragg
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82. Therapeutic antibodies
- Dr. Geoffrey Hale
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83. Neuroimmunometabolism
- Prof. Ana Domingos
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84. The immunology of multiple sclerosis
- Dr. Joanne Jones
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85. Understanding myasthenia gravis and advances in its management
- Prof. Henry J. Kaminski
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86. The immunology underlying rheumatic diseases
- Dr. Hussein Al-Mossawi
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88. Complement and lupus
- Prof. Marina Botto
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89. Immune mechanisms in liver diseases
- Prof. Paul Klenerman
- Translational immunology - transplantation immunology
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90. Principles of transplantation: overview of the immune response
- Prof. Emerita Kathryn Wood
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91. Factors influencing outcomes in clinical transplantation 1
- Prof. Emerita Kathryn Wood
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92. Factors influencing outcomes in clinical transplantation 2
- Prof. Emerita Kathryn Wood
- Translational immunology - cancer immunology
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93. Cancer immunology
- Prof. Tim Elliott
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94. Cancer immunotherapy
- Prof. Tim Elliott
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95. Myeloid-derived suppressor cells in cancer
- Prof. Dmitry Gabrilovich
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96. IL-2 in the immunotherapy of autoimmunity and cancer
- Prof. Thomas Malek
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97. Latest advances in the development of CAR & TCR T-cell treatments for solid tumours
- Dr. Else Marit Inderberg
Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Vaccine adjuvants enhance immune responses to co-administered antigens
- Adjuvants have been used in vaccines for ~100 years
- Rational approach to adjuvant R&D
- Optimizing the use of aluminium adjuvants in vaccines
- MF59 emulsion adjuvant enhanced flu vaccine efficacy in children from 6 to <72 months of age
- O/W emulsion adjuvants enhance B-cell repertoire and functional antibody titers and T cell responses
- Composition of alternative emulsion adjuvants
- Alpha-tocopherol is an immune potentiator
- Toll-like receptors (TLRs) recognize microbial structures
- The discovery of small molecule immune potentiators (SMIPs) – TLR7 agonists
- Why pick TLR7 as the first target for adjuvant discovery?
- Potential advantages of Small Molecule Immune Potentiators (SIMPs) as adjuvants
- Next generation of alum-based adjuvants (Alum+)
- SARS-CoV-2 neutralization titers in NHP following immunization
- Protection against challenge with SARS-CoV-2 after immunization
- HIV neutralization titers for Alum/TLR7 in NHP versus benchmark adjuvants
- Antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity (ADCC) titer for Alum/TLR7 versus benchmark adjuvants
- GSK adjuvant systems (AS)
- Adjuvant systems differ in their ability to induce humoral and cellular immune responses
- Phase III efficacy trial for an AS01 adjuvanted vaccine (gE) against herpes zoster (HZ) ‘Shingles’
- AS01 composition
- Synergy of MPL and QS-21 in liposomes is critical for adjuvant effect of AS01 (gE – herpes zoster)
- There are many new targets for adjuvant discovery
- Accelerating adjuvant development
- Adjuvants – what are the high-level trends?
Topics Covered
- Best approaches for adjuvant discovery
- Optimal ways to develop vaccine adjuvants
- Aluminium adjuvant
- Oil/water (o/w) emulsions
- Alpha-tocopherol
- TLR7 agonists
- Small molecule immune potentiators
- Liposomes
Links
Series:
Categories:
Therapeutic Areas:
Talk Citation
O'Hagan, D. (2023, October 31). The science of vaccine adjuvants [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved April 27, 2024, from https://hstalks.com/bs/5440/.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Dr. O'Hagan is an employee of GSK and has stocks in this company.
A selection of talks on Infectious Diseases
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
Hi, my name is Derek O'Hagan.
I'm a senior advisor and
senior fellow in GSK.
I'm going to talk about
vaccine adjuvants.
I'm really going to
dive into the science
behind vaccine adjuvants,
tell you about the approaches
we have that are established,
and also highlight some
of the new approaches that will
be emerging in the near future.
0:24
It's probably important
to start off with a basic
understanding of what
a vaccine adjuvant is.
This slide tries to
illustrate that.
Essentially, it's got
a theoretical vaccine
in blue with no
vaccine adjuvant,
and then the vaccine
adjuvant added in orange.
In essence, the
adjuvant is there
to enhance immune responses
to co-administer antigens
which are typically
recombinant or sub
unit approaches,
or that could be whole
viruses, kill viruses.
It can manifest with a
more rapid response,
a stronger, broader response,
or an extended
duration of response,
or more of those in combination.
In essence, the vaccine
adjuvant is there to enhance
the immune response to
the vaccine antigen.
1:09
Vaccine adjuvants are
not a new concept.
Essentially, they've been
around for almost 100 years.
If you look at the
bottom of this slide,
you see the established
insoluble aluminium salts
have been utilized in
combination vaccines,
which are still utilized
in the routine
children vaccines,
DT, TT, pertussis etc.
They've been around
for a long time,
shown to be safe and effective,
but new approaches
have only emerged
relatively recently
on the time line.
It was really MF59 which is
an oil and water emulsion
which changed things at the
end of the 20th century.
Then you see in orange
the adjuvant system
approach of GSK,
AS03, AS04, etc,
which have also emerged now.
I'll talk a little
bit more about them.