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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Electron micrograph (EM) of influenza virus
- Diagram of influenza virus particle
- RNAs of influenza viruses
- Influenza: symptoms and signs
- Influenza: complications
- Type A, B and C influenza viruses
- Animal reservoirs for influenza A viruses
- The burden of seasonal influenza
- Influenza viruses circulating in the population (1)
- Life expectancy in the United States, 1900-2001
- 1918 influenza pandemic
- 1918 influenza mortality by age in the U.S.
- 1918 pandemic in remote villages
- Reverse genetics
- Reconstructing the 1918 virus
- 1918 virus sensitive to NA inhibitors & amantadine
- FDA-approved antiviral drugs against influenza
- Oseltamivir protects mice from the 1918 virus
- Amantadine protects mice from the 1918 virus
- Antivirals & the 1918 virus - summary
- Challenge test against 1918 virus
- Protective efficacy of vaccine against 1918 virus
- 1918 influenza virus reconstruction EM
- Virulence of the 1918 virus: MLD50
- 1918 influenza virus hemagglutinin
- Sialic acid is the receptor for influenza virus
- Influenza viruses circulating in the population (2)
- Pandemic influenza: what’s next?
- Bird flu scare in Hong Kong
- Human cases for avian influenza A (H5N1)
- Avian influenza viruses infecting humans
- Cases of H7N9 influenza in China (2013 & 2014)
- There are different influenza A subtypes
- Eighteen subtypes of influenza A virus HA
- Eleven subtypes of influenza A virus NA
- Making predictions about the future
- Vaccines (types)
- Vaccines (usage frequency)
- Influenza virus vaccine formulations (2000 – 2010)
- Quadrivalent influenza virus vaccine
- Universal influenza virus vaccine
Topics Covered
- Influenza virus, the agent and the disease
- Epidemiology in humans and animals
- The 1918 pandemic & reconstruction of the virus
- Highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
- Future influenza pandemics
- Antiviral drugs against influenza
- Influenza virus vaccine formulations (types & usage frequency)
Links
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Therapeutic Areas:
Talk Citation
Palese, P. (2015, January 19). Influenza virus pandemics: past and future [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved October 7, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/GCJH2063.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Peter Palese, Royalty, Receipt of Intellectual Property Rights/Patent Holder: Merck, S & D, GSK, Medi-immune, Avimed
A selection of talks on Respiratory Diseases
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
Influenza Virus
Pandemics Past and Future.
Peter Palese, Department
of Microbiology,
Icahn School of Medicine at
Mount Sinai, in New York.
0:13
This slide shows an electron
micrograph of an influenza virus.
On the inside we can see the
electron dense spots, which reflect
the RNA, the genome
of influenza viruses.
And we have, actually, eight
RNA segments, one in the middle
and seven RNA segments around
this central electron-dense spot.
So the virus codes for eight
different RNA segments, which in
turn code for at least 11
different viral proteins.
The virus is then also characterized
by a lipid membrane, which
is derived from the host
cell and has a function which
is important for the
attachment and then
for the fusion of the viral
membrane with the host,
and therefore the virus
can get into the cell.
And then, very important
on the outside,
there is the hemagglutinin
and the neuraminidase.
And they are referred
to as H1 and N1,
which are the placard proteins,
the surface proteins on the virus
which, actually, are recognized
by our immune system.
There are many different
hemagglutinin subtypes
and there are many different
neuraminidase subtypes in terms
of influenza viruses
from different sources.