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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Where does immunotherapy fall into all of this?
- Why does immunotherapy work in cancer?
- Where does immunotherapy work?
- factors related to response to immunotherapy
- What can we learn from the past?
- 1. In the clinic
- Interferon-alpha
- Octreotide vs. octreotide + interferon-alpha (1)
- Octreotide vs. octreotide + interferon-alpha (2)
- Octreotide vs. octreotide + interferon-alpha (3)
- Octreotide vs. octreotide + interferon-alpha (4)
- IFN-α fall and our current treatment paradigm
- 2. In the lab
- Immune environment: PD-L1 expression (1)
- Immune environment: PD-L1 expression (2)
- Immune environment: PD-L1 expression (3)
- Immune environment: PD-L1 expression (4)
- Immune environment in NETs
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) (1)
- Tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) (2)
- Immune checkpoint markers + TILs
- Mutational burden in NETs
- ENETS/WHO grading of GEP-NETs
- WHO classification of pancreatic NETs (2017)
- Differentiation, grade, and mutational status
- Mutations in well differentiated panNETs
- Mutations in PDNECs (1)
- Mutations in PDNECs (2)
- Next-generation sequencing of panNETs
- Gene alterations based on grade and differentiation
- TP53: more to the story
- Heterogeneity of p53 expression
- Summary
- Using NGS to define mutational status over time
- A “typical” low grade pancreatic NET - example
- Genetic alterations 2003 vs. 2013
- Genetic changes over time
- Clues from the lab
- What is happening right now?
- Studies in development
- Conclusions
- Our NET clinical team
Topics Covered
- What does prior investigation in the clinic and in the lab tell us about a role for immunotherapy in NETs
- Next-generation sequencing of NETs highlighting where we may use immunotherapy
- Ongoing studies/studies in development of immunotherapy in NETs
Links
Series:
Categories:
Therapeutic Areas:
Talk Citation
Raj, N. (2017, January 30). Immunotherapy in neuroendocrine tumors 2 - role of immunotherapy [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved November 7, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/CSIT5954.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Dr. Nitya Raj has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Immunotherapy in neuroendocrine tumors 2 - role of immunotherapy
Published on January 30, 2017
40 min
Other Talks in the Series: Immunotherapy of Cancer
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
Hi, my name is Nitya Raj.
And I'm going to be moving on
to the second portion of the talk
in which
we're going to be focusing in on
how to study for a Role
of Immunotherapy
in Neuroendocrine Tumors.
We spent the previous portion
of this talk
discussing our currently available
therapy options as of 2016.
0:24
So where does immunotherapy fall
into all of this?
And so as I spent
the first portion of my talk,
I've clearly explained
that we have many
treatment options,
yet there has been
a lot of interest
in evaluating
for a role of immunotherapy
in the management
of neuroendocrine tumors.
An immunotherapy
is a rapidly evolving field
in many types of cancer
with proven benefits
in kidney cancer,
lung cancer as well as melanoma.
And for this reason,
there has been increasing interest
in studying immunotherapy
in neuroendocrine tumors
begging the question,
"Where should we put immunotherapy
in our treatment algorithm?"
1:01
So I'd first like to discuss
why immunotherapy works in cancer.
In tumorigenesis,
cancer cells exploit
immune checkpoint pathways
to avoid detection
by the immune system
and evade immune destruction.
These pathways include
the PD-1 or PD-L1 pathway,
which stands for the programmed
cell death protein 1 pathways,
PD-L2, the programmed cell
death protein 2 pathway,
as well as CTLA-4
cytotoxic
T-lymphocyte-associated antigen 4.
For these pathways,
blocking of them
causes the activation of T cells
and accumulation
of T cells at the tumor site,
which is believed
to cause tumor death.
So clinically,
monoclonal antibodies
have actually been developed
to inhibit these immunological
checkpoints,
and these monoclonal antibodies
have demonstrated activity
in some solid tumors.
However, to date, few patients
with NETs have been treated
with checkpoint inhibitors.