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1. Introduction
2. Mechanisms of antibiotic action
3. Resistance is as old as antibiotics
4. Antibiotic resistance mechanisms
5. Types of resistance
6. Defining resistance
7. Susceptibility is an interplay of multiple factors
8. Antibiotics select resistant bacteria
9. Bacteria carry resistance in their DNA
10. Resistance is transferred (1)
11. Resistance is transferred (2)
12. The Red Queen Principle
13. Resistance is inevitable
14. How quickly does resistance emerge?
15. Oxazolidinone timeline
16. Mechanism 1: alteration of the target
17. The forensics of antibiotic resistance
18. Epidemiological investigation of resistance
19. Surveillance of resistance
20. An example of a trend noticed in surveillance
21. Mechanism 2: metabolic by-pass
22. Cephalosporin-resistant E. coli
23. Why might resistance rates rise?
24. Understanding rising prevalence
25. Mechanism 3: drug destruction
26. Global explosion of CTX-M ESBLs
27. Multi-resistance plasmids
28. The use of carbapenems
29. Mechanism 4: reduced uptake
30. Restore porins and reverse carbapenem resistance
31. Carbapenemase-mediated resistance in the UK
32. The OXA-23 clone 1
33. Mechanism 5: up-regulated efflux
34. Recap: mechanisms of resistance
35. Undefined mechanism of action
36. Undefined resistance mechanisms
37. Summary
38. Acknowledgements

Topics Covered

• Modes of antibiotic action
• Modes of resistance
• Intrinsic / acquired resistance
• Emergence and transfer of resistance
• Monitoring spread
• Modified targets
• Enzymic destruction
• ESBLs
• Plasmidic multi-resistance
• Impermeability / porin loss
• Carbapenemases
• Efflux pumps

Links

Series:

• Antibiotic Resistance

Categories:

• Cell Biology
• Microbiology

Therapeutic Areas:

• Infectious Diseases

Talk Citation

Publication History

• Published on December 31, 2009

Financial Disclosures

• Dr. Neil Woodford has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.