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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Eosinophils - background
- Eosinophils in disease
- Bronchial challenge with allergen
- Eosinophils in asthma and allergy
- Eosinophil products
- Eosinophils in inflammation and tissue damage
- Eosinophils in tissue remodelling
- IL-5
- IL-5 knockout mouse
- IL-5 antibody treatment in man
- Eosinophil deletion in the mouse
- Th2 lymphocytes regulate eosinophils
- Eosinophils regulate Th2 lymphocytes
- Eosinophil trafficking: adhesion molecules
- VLA-4
- Eosinophil trafficking: chemoattractant
- Detection of eosinophil chemoattractants
- Chemokine nomenclature
- Eosinophil trafficking
- The eotaxins
- The eotaxin receptor
- Characteristics of CCR3
- Comparison of chemotactic effects of eotaxins
- Eoataxin production in the lung
- Eosinophil recruitment in allergic inflammation
- Eotaxin and eosinophil after allergen challenge
- Eosinophils levels in eotaxin deficient mice
- Eotaxin expression in asthma
- Eotaxin in sputum from asthmatic airways
- Eotaxin-1 levels in nasal polyps
- Mechanisms of pulmonary eosinophilia
- Eotaxin inactivated by hookworms proteases
- Effects of eotaxin on the bone marrow
- Eosinophil release induced by eotaxin and IL-5
- Movement of eosinophils after alergen challenge
- Eosinophil recruitment (lung) and release (BM)
- Regulation of eosinophil chemokine signaling
- Eosinophil and neutrophil shape change
- Some have a second eosinophil receptor - CCR1
- Expression levels of CCR1 in MPR / MHR donors
- Eosinophils express receptors CCR3 and CCR1
- Eoataxin receptor antagonists
- Small molecule antagonists of CCR3
- UCB35625 inhibits eosinophil shape change
- UCB35625 is a poor inhibitor of binding
- Small agonists / antagonists of CCR3 in research
- Antibody to eotaxin-1 in allergic rhinitis
- Summary
- Acknowledgements
Topics Covered
- White blood cell containing granules staining pink with eosin and a bilobed nucleus
- Specialised for defence against worm infection
- Accumulate in high numbers in lungs of allergic asthmatic patients
- Also involved in hay fever, allergic eczema etc
- Induce tissue damage and organ dysfunction when inappropriately activated
- Interleukin-5 (IL-5) important for eosinophil production in bone marrow
- Anti-IL-5 antibodies suppress circulating eosinophil numbers
- Eotaxin is a chemoattractant protein involved in recruiting eosinophils to the lung
- Small molecule antagonists have been developed to block the Eotaxin receptor, CCR3, as potential therapeutic compounds
Talk Citation
Williams, T. (2020, May 1). Eosinophils [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 9, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/JEOJ7055.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Tim Williams has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
A selection of talks on Immunology
Transcript
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0:00
This is a lecture on eosinophils,
given by Tim Williams of Imperial College,
London.
0:08
Eosinophils are granulocytes with
typically a bilobed nucleus and
granules that stain pink with eosin.
They constitute normally about 1 to
4% of the white cells in the blood,
and can be considerably higher in
allergy and worm parasite infection.
They're produced in the bone marrow, and
the marrow contains precursors and
a reserve of releasable mature cells.
As well as in the blood, eosinophils
also found normally in the GI tract.
0:40
Under disease conditions, eosinophils are
found in response to helminth infection,
in allergic asthma and
also intrinsic asthma.
They're found in the skin in allergic
eczema, and they're also found in
gastrointestinal disorders, for
instance in eosinophilic eosophagitis.
They're found in certain viral
infections and in certain tumors, for
example solid tumors of epithelial origin.
1:09
Individuals will asthma have high
numbers of eosinophils in their lungs.
If you take somebody who's sensitized
to a particular allergen and
challenge them with an aerosol of that
allergen, you have an immediate reaction,
bronchoconstriction reaction.
And this is associated with the activation
of mast cells via IgE fixed to their
surfaces, and the release of mediators
such as histamine and leukotrienes.
After a delay off some two to four hours,
you have a more protracted
bronchoconstriction.
And this is associated with the activation
of T cells, Th2 lymphocytes,
and the accumulation of high
numbers of eosinophils.