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Immune system across childhood 2

Part 2 of 2
Published on February 27, 2025   25 min

A selection of talks on Reproduction & Development

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Welcome to Part 2 of the talk.
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I will now talk about innate lymphoid cells, ILC for short. I had just alluded to these cells while I was talking about innate cellular immune system in utero. ILCs are lineage negative, CD25 positive, CD127 positive, IL2 receptor beta positive, IL7 receptor alpha positive lymphoid cells generated in utero. They play a pivotal role in bridging innate and adaptive immunity and co evolution of the gut microbiome. ILCs are critical for life mainly for the development of normal tissue microenvironment, structure and composition. They help the neonate discriminate between antigens to be tolerated versus rejected. ILCs interact with their environment through activating, inhibitory and cytokine receptors. ILCs mediate both pro and anti-inflammatory responses and can broadly be classified into cytotoxic ILCs- symbolizing natural killer cells and helper ILCs represented by three subgroups namely: ILC1s, ILC2s, and ILC3s based on their cytokine secretion and transcription factor profiles. ILC1s express T-bet, produce either interferon gamma and TNF alpha, or interferon gamma alone and thereby are subdivided into ILC1a and 1b respectively. ILC2s are GATA3 positive, produce type 2 cytokines, IL-4, IL-5, lL-9, and IL-13, and amphiregulin. ILC3s express ROR gamma t, produce IL-17a or IL-22. TNF alpha, GM-CSF, and gamma interferon, and also have lymphoid tissue-inducing ability. In the newborn, in addition to conventional T cells that

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