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The chloroplast proteome

Published on October 1, 2007 Updated on October 31, 2021   43 min

A selection of talks on Cell Biology

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0:00
The chloroplast proteome.
0:03
In this presentation, I will review five subjects. What is proteomics and what does it measure? Protein identification by mass spectrometry, including intact proteins, peptide mass fingerprinting and sequence tags. The problem of complex mixtures and protein identification. Quantitative proteomics and stable isotope labeling, intact protein mass measurement and 'top-down' proteomics. Let's start off by considering what is proteomics and what does it measure?
0:30
Proteomics is a component of systems biology. "We would like a computer model that mimics life in silico allowing accurate projections for metabolic engineering experiments."
0:42
What exactly is proteomics? Proteomics is the science of describing the complete set of proteins expressed from an organism's genetic material, their interactions with each other and the influence of development, environment and disease upon their expression. Since understanding their structure and function of the gene products and their interrelationships are the overall goals, we can regard proteomics alongside structural genomics as a component of functional genomics and systems biology.
1:09
The cellular proteome is a dynamic beast continuously expressed from the genome under the influence of the environment and nutrient conditions. The proteome impinges back upon the genome and back upon itself to accomplish short-term acclimation over minutes, medium-term acclimation over hours and days, often involving changes in gene expression, and ultimately accomplishing development of growth, reproduction and evolution.
1:35
We can consider proteome flux, the flow of nutrients and energy through transcription, translation and protein degradation that is controlled by the genetic code and numerous factors that influence expression. Ideally, we would like to monitor global gene expression, protein post-translational modification and turnover with molecular resolution and non-invasive technologies.