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0:00
Welcome to this webinar
on human heat shock
protein families.
My name is Harm Kampinga.
I'm a member of the
Department of Cell Biology at
the University Medical Center
in Groningen, the Netherlands.
In this webinar, I will discuss
with you the functional
diversity of
these human heat shock
protein families
and their relevance
to human diseases.
First, I will show you
how heat shock proteins
were discovered.
Next, I will introduce
the basic concepts
of chaperone action.
Thereafter, the various
human heat shock protein
families will be introduced,
and I will go into
the functionality
of the HSP70 machines,
and how they're regulated in
terms of functional
differentiation,
especially by DNAJ proteins.
These HSP70 DNAJ combinations
will next be discussed in terms
of their relevance
to folding diseases.
Finally, I will discuss a bit on
the small heat shock
protein families
or HSPB families in humans,
how they've expanded,
and how these proteins have
various functions also in
human protein folding diseases,
some with links to the
process of autophagy.
1:13
Originally heat shock genes were
discovered already
in 1962 by Ritossa.
Studying gene expression using
the giant chromosomes in
the slivery gland
tissue from drosophila,
he found a complete
ambrein pattern
at a certain moment in his lab.
When he looked back
at his incubator,
he found that his incubator
had been at too
high a temperature.
He repeated the
experiment and found that
this puffing pattern really
was induced by a heat shock.
In fact, most other patterns
were completely
repressed whereas
these particular new
genes that he called
heat shock genes were expressed
at higher temperatures
preferentially.
In this slide, you can see
the original data from
Ritossa in which the
upper panel represents
the normal control
chromosomes and
the lower panel chromosomes
after the cells had been
exposed to this heat shock.
It took another 12
years before Tissieres
discovered that these were
in fact then also
translated into proteins.
This discovery was made
two years after Laemmli
had developed his SDS-PAGE
gel electrophoresis.
In the lower image, you find
the original gels of heat here.
What you can see here is
an autoradiogram of cells
exposed to a heat shock and you
see the specific profile of
heat shock proteins being
induced upon this
particular heat shock.
This is how these proteins got
their name and they were
originally described to
be genes or proteins of which
the expression was increased
after a heat shock.
