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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Neuroplasticity definition
- Synaptic efficacy
- Neural mechanisms of plasticity
- The sources motor impairment after SCI
- Improving hand function after SCI
- Cortical damage results in maladaptive plasticity
- Detrimental cortical reorganization in SCI
- Training results in adaptive plasticity
- Stimulation can promote neuroplasticity
- Sensory stimulation and cortical excitability
- TENS study
- Improving hand function in chronic tetraplegia
- Hand function is highest priority
- Massed practice for task-specific training effects
- Task modification for success/challenge
- Somatosensory stimulation
- Hypothesized mechanism
- Functional hand use
- Strength
- Sensory function
- Sample MEP at 88% MSO
- Detrimental cortical reorganization
- Motor map plasticity and function recovery
- Cortical mapping
- Conclusions from upper extremity studies
- Improving walking function after SCI
- Disrupted reflex modulation
- Maladaptive plasticity after CNS injury
- Agonist-antagonist reciprocal inhibition
- Who wants to walk?
- Locomotor training improves walking in SCI
- Changes in walking speed by intervention group
- Subjects who increased walking speed
- Changes in walking distance by intervention group
- Subjects who increased walk distance
- Intralimb coordination in ND subject
- Intralimb coordination in SCI subject
- Pendulum test
- Conclusions from walking and reflex studies
- Promoting adaptive neuroplasticity
- Acknowledgements
- Thank you
Topics Covered
- Neuroplasticity
- Synaptic efficacy
- Neural mechanisms of plasticity
- Improving hand function after SCI
- Improving walking function and spinal reflex modulation after SCI
- Promoting adaptive neuroplasticity
- Update interview: Clinically accessibility is a key to the value of neuromodulation
- Update interview: Transcranial direct current stimulation
- Update interview: Transcutaneous spinal stimulation
- Update interview: Questions remain about dose of intervention
- Update interview: Neuromodulation is dependent on concurrent training
- Update interview: Potential for neuroplasticity persists long after injury
- Update interview: Continued practice is needed to retain gains
Talk Citation
Field-Fote, E. (2021, March 15). Promoting neuroplasticity for functional restoration after SCI [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 7, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/WMSD1781.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Edelle Field-Fote has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Update Available
The speaker addresses developments since the publication of the original talk. We recommend listening to the associated update as well as the lecture.
- Full lecture Duration: 32:16 min
- Update Interview Duration: 12:06 min
Promoting neuroplasticity for functional restoration after SCI
A selection of talks on Neuroscience
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
Promoting neuroplasticity for functional restoration after spinal cord injury.
Hello, I'm Adele Field-Fote, PhD, PT,
Professor of Physical Therapy and Neurological Surgery,
and Principal Investigator, Miami Project to Cure Paralysis at the University of Miami,
Miller School of Medicine.
0:20
When we talk about neuroplasticity in terms of motor function,
we're talking about the capacity of the central nervous system to undergo changes
in function and structure in response to use and motor learning.
It's important to remember that this plasticity can
either be favorable or supportive of function,
in which case we say it's adaptive,
or it can be unfavorable and not support function,
in which case we say it's maladaptive.
0:48
Changes in synaptic efficacy are one mechanism underlying neuroplasticity.
Let's take a look at what happens in a cell to a typical stimulus
and how its resting state determines the response to that stimulus.
On the far left,
you see a cell sitting at
its typical membrane potential and its response to an incoming stimulus.
In the center is the response to that same stimulus
when the cell is in a depressed or hyperpolarized state.
On the right is the response to that same stimulus when
the cell is in a depolarized or relatively excited state.
By changing the state of the cell membrane potential,
we can change its responsiveness to stimuli.
Next, we'll look at how these responses communicate to the next cell in the system.
In the postsynaptic cell,
we see on the far left the response to
a typical input when the cell is sitting at its normal resting state.
The cell that's sitting at its hyperpolarized state in
the center results in a smaller response in the postsynaptic cell to that same input.
However, on the far right,
when the presynaptic cell is sitting in its relatively excited state,
it results in a larger response in the postsynaptic cell to that same input.
So by changing the activity of the nervous system and its level of excitability,
we can affect its responsiveness to stimuli or to voluntary commands.
Next, let's discuss how high levels of activity influence the nervous system.