Autophagy and cellular housekeeping

Welcome to this lecture on autology and cellular housekeeping, providing an overview of the fundamentals of autology, its distinction from other cellular recycling systems, and its stepwise process for degrading and recycling cellular components. We will discuss autology's essential role in cellular homeostasis, especially under stress, and its importance in removing damaged organelles like mitochondria to prevent cell death. The lecture will also highlight how impaired autology contributes to neurodegenerative diseases and aging, as well as promising interventions that enhance autology to promote health and longevity. We explore autology a housekeeping process that helps cells maintain their internal environment and ensure survival. Ortolagy means self eating in Greek. Conserved from yeast to humans, it involves degrading and recycling cellular components via lysosomes. Unlike the ubiquitin proteasom system, which removes soluble proteins, Otoogy handles bulkier debris. Both are vital for adaptation, removal of harmful material, and prevention of toxic buildup linked to degenerative diseases. Autophagy proceeds in a sequence of steps. Under basal conditions and especially during cellular stress or starvation, the process initiates with the formation of an isolation membrane or phagophore. This membrane engulfs cytosolic material for breakdown, such as malfunctioning mitochondria or protein aggregates. The resulting autophagosome fuses with the lysosome,