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1. Introduction
2. Overview
3. Natural Killer (NK) cells
4. Evolution of Natural Killer (NK) cells
5. Receptors on Natural Killer cells
6. Some NK cell activating receptors
7. NKG2D
8. Human inhibitory NK cell receptors
9. Activating and inhibitory receptors work in concert
10. The missing self hypothesis
11. NK receptors in different species share features
12. NK receptor repertoires
13. The two receptor hypothesis
14. Receptor gene families
15. NK receptors - polygenic and clustered
16. LRC region
17. Domain organisation of some of the LRC products
18. Summary (1)
19. Receptor evolution
20. Human Natural Killer cell receptors
21. Mouse NKC - Ly49
22. Humans vs. mice
23. Expansion of KIR and Ly49 in different mammals
24. Summary (2)
25. NK receptor variation
26. Polymorphism and polygeny of NK receptors
27. KIR variation
28. Some Ly49 haplotypes
29. Variation of KIR can result in lack of expression
30. Summary (3)
31. Evidence for rapid NK receptor evolution
32. KIR in primates
33. Mechanisms for rapid NK receptor evolution
34. Flexible arrangement of KIR genes
35. Related KIR genes are arranged head to tail
36. Dot matrix of KIR genes
37. Unequal crossovers within KIR haplotypes
38. Unequal crossover within the KIR gene cluster
39. An unequal recombinant chromosome
40. Origin of novel KIR
41. Summary (4)
42. Coevolution of NK receptors with MHC class I
43. Inhibitory NK receptors - MHC class I interactions
44. How is this interaction possible?
45. HLA-C molecule binds to KIR, TCR and peptide
46. KIR - HLA-C dimorphism in molecular interactions
47. NK receptors have co-evolved with MHC class I
48. KIR haplotypes show MHC class I interactions
49. What is driving NK receptor evolution?
50. Viral products influence NK receptors recognition
51. Ly49H in mice activates NK cells specifically
52. Genetics of pre-eclampsia
53. Summary (5)
54. Consequences of NK receptor variation
55. Polymorphism in MHC class I and NK receptors
56. Conditions associated with NK receptors
57. The relationship between AA and C2 in populations
58. Both KIR haplotypes are present in all populations
59. Summary (6)
60. Additional reading
61. Thank you

Topics Covered

• NK cells and receptors
• Different species
• Different receptors
• Variation of NK receptors
• Rapid evolution of NK receptors
• Co-evolution of NK receptors and MHC class I
• Implications

Links

Series:

• Natural Killer Cell Biology

Categories:

• Immunology

Therapeutic Areas:

• Immunology & Inflammation

Talk Citation

Publication History

• Published on September 23, 2009
• Archived on May 28, 2025

Financial Disclosures

• Prof. John Trowsdale has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.