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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Tumor (bio)marker: definition
- Potential uses of tumor markers
- Cancer predisposing genes
- Genetic testing for cancer susceptibility: ASCO
- Use of tumor markers in screening
- Recommended cancer screening tests
- Markers under evaluation or previously evaluated
- PSA as a screening test for PCa
- PSA screening is controversial
- PSA as a screening test for PCa: way forward
- Ongoing trials evaluating PSA screening for Pca
- PSA screening: ACS guidelines
- PSA screening: USPSTF guidelines
- PSA screening: EGTM recommendations
- Use of tumor markers in aiding diagnosis
- When can merkers aid cancer diagnosis
- Use of markers in aiding the diagnosis of CUP
- Use of markers for differential diagnosis
- Diagnosis using CA 125: EGTM guidelines
- AFP as a diagnostic aid in HCC
- Use of tumor markers in assessing prognosis
- Markers can be used to determine prognosis
- Prognostic markers: clinical use
- Tissue markers and prognosis in breast cancer
- ER as a prognostic marker in breast cancer
- HER-2 as a prognostic marker in breast cancer
- uPA/PAI-1 prognostic marker in breast cancer
- uPA and PAI-1: ASCO recommendation (1)
- Oncotype DX test
- Oncotype DX test: ASCO recommendation
- MammaPrint
- Serum markers for determining prognosis
- Use of markers in predicting response to therpay
- Why do we need therapy predictive markers
- Response rates in patients with advanced cancers
- Predictive markers
- ER as a therapy predictive marker in breast cancer
- HER-2 as a predictive marker in breast cancer
- Herceptin in treatment of breast cancer
- HER-2 for predicting response to herceptin
- Emerging therapy predictive markers
- Use of markers in predicting therapy toxicity
- Markers for predicting anti-cancer agents toxicity
- Use of tumor markers in postoperative surveillance
- Markers in postoperative surveillance: rationale
- Tumor markers used in postoperative surveillance
- Critical question
- Intensive vs. control follow-up in CRC
- Follow-up of CRC patients: role of CEA
- Use of CEA in follow-up: EGTM recommendations
- Use of CEA in follow-up: ASCO recommendations
- Use of tumor markers in monitoring therapy
- Markers used in monitoring advanced disease
- Markers in surveillance and monitoring: caveats
- Acknowlegement
Topics Covered
- Tumor biomarkers
- Role of tumor biomarkers in cancer screening
- Aiding cancer diagnosis
- Determining prognosis
- Therapy prediction
- Post-operative surveillance
- Monitoring therapy in advanced disease
Talk Citation
Duffy, J. (2016, January 19). Biomarkers in oncology: overview [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved November 7, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/XWSK4401.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Joe Duffy has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Biomarkers in oncology: overview
A selection of talks on Oncology
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
Hello. My name is Professor Joe Duffy.
I am based at St Vincent's University Hospital,
and University College, Dublin.
The title of my presentation is Biomarkers in Oncology an overview.
0:13
A tumor marker or biomarker can be defined as a molecule produced by a tumor,
or by the body in response to a tumor,
and that aids cancer detection and, or management.
0:25
This summarizes the uses or potential uses of tumor markers.
Firstly, tumor markers may be used for risk identification.
What I mean by risk identification is the identification of
healthy subjects who may be at risk of developing malignancy,
perhaps many year later in life.
Screening is somewhat similar to risk identification,
in that focus is also on healthy individuals.
However, in contrast to risk identification, in screening,
the aim is to detect either early malignancy or a pre-malignant condition.
Tumor markers almost never replace
conventional histopathology for a primary diagnosis of malignancy.
However, in some situations,
tumor markers may aid cancer diagnosis.
Following a diagnosis of malignancy,
tumor markers may be used in, assessing prognosis,
predicting response to therapy,
predicting severe toxicity due to therapy,
postoperative surveillance, and monitoring therapy in advanced disease.
For the rest of the presentation, I will
discuss these uses or potential uses of tumor markers,
starting with risk identification.
1:39
We can now identify some individuals who may be at high risk of developing malignancy.
We can do this because in a number of situations,
we know the identity of the cancer predisposing gene.
Those mutations in BRCA1 gene predispose to both breast and ovarian cancer.
Similarly, mutations in the BRCA2 gene predispose to breast and ovarian cancer.
Mutations in the APC gene predispose to
a particular type of colorectal cancer known as the FAP type.
Mutations in the MLH1/MSH2
and related genes predispose to another form of colorectal cancer.
This form is known as HNPCC-type of colorectal cancer.
And finally, mutation in the RET gene predispose the medullary thyroid cancer.