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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Talk contents
- Virus classifications
- Infectious diseases caused by viruses
- Vaccination: most effective way to prevent disease
- Current approaches for development of vaccines
- Vector-based viral vaccines
- A balance between safety and immunogenicity
- Common barriers/challenges (1)
- Common barriers/challenges (2)
- Replication-deficient viral vectors: Characteristics
- Replication-deficient viral vectors: Challenges
- Replication-deficient viral vectors: Examples
- Replication-competent vectors: Characteristics
- Replication-competent viral vectors: Challenges
- Rationale for replication-competent viral vectors
- Examples of replication-competent viral vectors
- Selected replication-competent vectors vaccines
- VSV: a replication-competent vector for vaccines
- Ebola virus (EBOV)
- Construction of VSV-Ebola vector (Chimera)
- YF 17D vaccine: a replication-competent vector
- ChimeriVax platform (1)
- Status of ChimeriVax vaccines
- ChimeriVax platform (2)
- Genome organization of flaviviruses
- ChimeriVax virus construction
- Preclinical studies of ChimeriVax viruses
- YF-WN vaccine
- West Nile virus transmission cycle
- Update WN human cases 1999-2013
- ChimeriVax-WN vaccine candidate (cloned)
- Molecular control of neurovirulence
- Preclinical efficacy and safety
- Summary of clinical trails of ChimeriVax
- YF-JE vaccine
- Japanese Encephalitis
- IMOJEV: a new single dose attenuated vaccine
- IMOJEV vaccine characteristics
- IMOJEV: nonclinical safety studies
- IMOJEV: clinical development
- Conclusions of clinical studies IMOJEV
- YF-DEN
- Dengue disease: a major public health concern
- Dengue virus and its vector
- Construction of the YF-dengue vaccine
- Summary phase 1 trial YF-Den2 chimera
- Phase 2 trail of TV YF-Den vaccine: disappointing
- Comparison of two Ph3 efficacy trials of YF-DEN
- Summary of YF-Den TV vaccine
- Summary of replication-competent vectors
Topics Covered
- Virus classifications, infectious diseases, and vaccine approaches
- Vector-based viral vaccines: common barriers and challenges
- Replication-incompetent & competent viral vectors
- Replication-competent vectors in development and in use (VSV-based & YFV-based)
Links
Series:
Categories:
Therapeutic Areas:
Talk Citation
Guirakhoo, F. (2015, June 11). Replication-competent viral vectors [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 27, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/NDUE8632.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Dr. Farshad Guirakhoo has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Other Talks in the Series: Vaccines
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
My name is Farshad Guirakhoo,
and I am Chief Technology Officer at Vaxess Technologies located
in Cambridge, Massachusetts.
I will be talking about replication
competent viral vectors.
0:16
I will be talking about virus
classification, infectious diseases
in humans caused by viruses, and vaccine approaches
to combat such diseases.
Next, I will focus on vaccines based
on viral vectors, general barriers
and challenges, then describe
specific characteristics
and challenges for both
replication diffusion
and replication-competent vectors.
The talk will be then
narrowed specifically
on replication-competent
vectors, starting with describing
the rationale for this selections,
and going onto a few examples
of replication-competent vectors
which are either in clinical
development or already marketed.
These include VSV, or vesicular stomach virus,
or yellow fever-based replication-competent vectors.
A summary slide will conclude this presentation.
1:15
One may wonder how many viruses
are actually on the planet Earth.
The answer is, nobody
knows at this time.
But one estimate puts the number of viruses
in mammals at more than 320 thousand.
If one adds invertebrates, plants, mushrooms,
and Brown Algae species, for example,
the number could go to several hundred millions.
Viruses are classified by International Committee of Taxonomy of Viruses,
or ICTV, into seven orders, 103 families, 22 sub-families
455 general, and 2,827 species
with many thousands
of types unclassified.
This traditional
classification is generally
used with the new
classification proposed
by David Baltimore, which
is based on the mechanism
of messenger RNA production.
As you know, viruses must
generate messenger RNA to produce
proteins and replicate themselves.
But different mechanisms are used to
achieve this in each virus family.
Viral genome may be double stranded
or single stranded, RNA or DNA,
and may or may not use
reverse transcriptase, or RT.
In addition, single
stranded RNA viruses
may be either positive-sense
or negative, or anti-sense.
This classification places
viruses into seven groups.