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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Agenda: TB- a global threat
- Land area
- Passenger cars
- Tuberculosis deaths
- Agenda: Basic vaccinology and TB immunology
- Principles of conventional vaccines
- Conventional vaccine methods not applicable to TB
- Transmission of TB
- TB bacilli in alveoli are taken up by immune cells
- Immune response to TB bacilli
- TB contained within solid granulomas-latent phase
- Shifting from latency phase to active disease
- Caseous granulomas: active, infectious stage
- Vaccination strategies
- Agenda: TB vaccines
- A short history of BCG
- BCG today
- Various vaccine candidates in development today
- Recombinant BCG for prime vs. subunit for boost
- Presumed effects of the new vaccine candidates
- Three phases of clinical trials for TB vaccines
- New vaccines - clinical phase status
- Macrophage engulfing M. tuberculosis
- Typical fate of engulfed bacteria in macrophage
- Mtb can escape the phagosome (BCG cannot)
- Listeriolysin may help BCG exit the phagosome
- Deleting Urease may help Listeriolysin function
- Phagosome perforation also leads to apoptosis
- rBCG construct fully activates immune response
- Status of the r-BCG(delta)ure:Hly vaccine
- Block of transformation to caseous granuloma
- Current vs. next generation Mtb vaccines
- Agenda: TB biomarkers
- Biomarkers and biosignatures
- Biomarkers - concept
- Biomarkers - goals (1)
- Single markers for tailored diagnostic signature
- Highly discriminative biomarkers for TB
- Tuberculosis versus sarcoidosis (1)
- Tuberculosis versus sarcoidosis (2)
- TB/SARC biosignatures (shared/unique pathways)
- Biosignatures for diagnosis
- Biomarkers - goals (2)
- More specific goals for TB vaccine trials
- Multiple trials currently performed in Africa
- Current trial strategy
- Hoping to identify early presenting markers
- Agenda: cost and gain
- Prevention is better than cure
- If you think research is expensive, try disease
- Acknowledgements
Topics Covered
- Tuberculosis (TB), immune response and vaccine development
- TB: a major health threat
- T lymphocytes as central mediators of immunity in TB
- Rational design of novel vaccines against TB
- Characterization of biomarkers for TB vaccine trials
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Talk Citation
Kaufmann, S.H.E. (2013, August 20). Immune response and rational development of vaccines and biomarkers [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 21, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/ZHAH9051.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Dr. Stefan H. E. Kaufmann has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Immune response and rational development of vaccines and biomarkers
Published on August 20, 2013
57 min
A selection of talks on Respiratory Diseases
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
Hello, my name is Stefan Kaufmann.
I'm from the Max Planck Institute for Infection Biology in Berlin, Germany.
I would like to discuss with you the immune response and
rational development of vaccines and biomarkers in tuberculosis.
0:20
This is the agenda of my presentation.
I will briefly say a few words about the global threat of tuberculosis,
and then also a few words about vaccinology.
This is followed by the first major part of my presentation.
The immune response underlying tuberculosis,
which is then followed by a discussion of current vaccine candidates in tuberculosis,
and then the salient features of biomarkers in tuberculosis.
I will end my presentation with a few words about the cost of research and the gain for tuberculosis.
1:01
This is a map, we all know it.
It shows the size of a country according to its geographic size.
Big countries are big,
small countries are small.
However, Worldmapper has also developed
another way of showing the importance of different countries.
1:24
In this presentation,
the size of a country is related to its proportional impact.
For example, here you see big countries
because there are many passenger cars, like in the US, Europe or in Japan.
You also see how thin and slim Africa is and also the Asian continent.
This is because there are only a few cars in these countries.
The map looks quite different if you look at it