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1. Introduction
2. Pathogens range from viruses to parasites
3. Evolutionary arms race
4. Pathogens against which immunity must protect
5. Why is the immune response so complicated?
6. An adaptive immune system
7. Barriers, cells and molecules in innate immunity
8. Pathogen recognition receptors
9. A receptor for "stress signals"
10. "Self markers" and "missing self"
11. Innate / adaptive immunity / genetic resistance
12. A textbook view of immune responses
13. Evolutionary history of immune responses
14. A phylogenetic tree of the vertebrates
15. A phylogenetic tree of the multicellular animals
16. A phylogenetic tree of living organisms
17. Phylogenetic tree of the animals - Metazoans
18. Invertebrates survive with just innate immunity
19. Adaptive immunity in invertebrates (1)
20. Adaptive immunity in invertebrates (2)
21. Diversity in the immune system
22. A short summary, a conclusion and a caveat
23. Variation between groups of animals
24. History of innate immunity - five examples (1)
25. History of innate immunity - Toll-like receptors (1)
26. History of innate immunity - Toll-like receptors (2)
27. History of innate immunity - Toll-like receptors (3)
28. History of innate immunity - Complement
29. The complement system
30. Complement is an ancient, important system
31. Complement can detect "missing self"
32. Evolution by duplication of little modules
33. Complement components are very ancient
34. History of innate immunity - Natural Killer cells
35. NK cells: an important arm of the innate immunity
36. NK cells detect "missing self"
37. NK cells detect stress (1)
38. NK cells detect stress (2)
39. A new concept of "innate lymphocytes"
40. Innate / adaptive immunity - what came first?
41. NK receptors: different molecules, same job
42. Follow evolution of NK by signalling cascades
43. History of innate immunity: Antimicrobial peptides
44. AMPs are important for innate immunity
45. AMPs are widespread in living organisms
46. A phylogenetic tree of living organisms - AMP
47. History of innate immunity - Phagocytes
48. Macrophages are key cells for innate immunity
49. Macrophages are found throughout metazoans
50. A phylogenetic tree - Macrophages
51. History of innate immunity - five examples (2)
52. Conclusions

Topics Covered

• Evolutionary arms race between hosts and pathogens
• Evidence and models of adaptive and innate immunity
• Methods and data for inferring the evolution of immunity
• Toll-like receptors (TLRs)
• The complement system (C')
• Natural killer (NK) cells
• Anti-microbial peptides (AMPs)
• Phagocytes
• Diversity in immune responses is a most important property

Links

Series:

• Cells of the Innate Immune System

Categories:

• Biochemistry
• Cell Biology
• Immunology

Therapeutic Areas:

• Immunology & Inflammation

Talk Citation

Publication History

• Published on May 2, 2012
• Reviewed on January 23, 2022

Financial Disclosures

• There are no commerical/financial matters to disclose.