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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Outline
- History of amino acid conjugation
- Amino acid conjugation and drug metabolism
- Xenobiotics
- Amino acid conjugation
- Predominate metabolic route in animal species
- Conjugation of carboxylic acids with amino acids
- Amino acid conjugation in different species
- Mechanism of amino acid conjugation (1)
- Mechanism of amino acid conjugation (2)
- Enzymes related to amino acid conjugation
- Enzymology
- Xenobiotic ACSMs (1)
- Xenobiotic ACSMs forms
- Xenobiotic ACSMs: Benzoic and salicylic acids
- Human medium-chain fatty acid:CoA ligases
- Xenobiotic ACSMs from human liver
- 6 members of ACSM family
- ACSM family
- Xenobiotic ACSMs (2)
- Miscellaneous substrates
- Acyl-CoA: Glycine N-acyltransferase (GLYAT)
- GLYAT forms
- GLYAT in animals
- GLYAT
- GLYAT in humans
- Conjugation in vivo
- Salicylic acid conjugation
- Benzoic acid conjugation
- Xenobiotic Acyl-CoA toxicity
- Accumulation of a xenobiotic acyl-CoA
- Xenobiotic Acyl-CoA toxicity diagram
- Xenobiotic Acyl-CoA toxicity: summary
- Conclusions
- Take home message
- Appendix
Topics Covered
- Mechanism of amino acid conjugation
- Forms of acyl-CoA synthetase medium-chain (ACSM)
- Activity of mitochondrial acyl-CoA: glycine N-acyltransferases (GLYAT)
- Substrates for amino acid conjugation in vivo
- Xenobiotic acyl-CoA toxicity
- Importance of amino acid conjugation
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Talk Citation
Knights, K. (2018, April 3). Amino acid conjugation: mechanism and enzymology [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 9, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/JGRX6109.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Dr. Kathleen Knights has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
A selection of talks on Biochemistry
Transcript
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0:00
Hello, my name is Kathleen Knights,
and I'm located in
the Department of Clinical Pharmacology at Flinders University, Adelaide Australia.
The title of my talk is "Amino Acid Conjugation: Mechanism and Enzymology".
0:15
This talk will start with a brief overview of the mechanism of amino acid conjugation.
In particular, the key enzymes involved,
the xenobiotic/medium-chain fatty acid:CoA ligases,
now referred to as acyl-CoA synthetases medium-chain or ACSMs.
And, the Acyl-CoA:glycine N-acyltransferases commonly referred to as GLYAT.
We will look briefly at conjugation in vivo,
and the talk will conclude with an overview of xenobiotic acyl-CoA toxicity.
0:50
History of amino acid conjugation starts with benzoic acid,
one of the oldest chemical preservatives permitted in
food in the United States, in about 1908.
The story begins however much earlier than that.
And by 1829, hipppuric acid had been isolated from horse urine.
In men, the first proof that benzoic acid was
metabolized to hippuric acid came from the work of Keller in 1842.
Keller actually had analyzed his own urine after taking benzoic acid.
1:22
Undoubtedly, conjugation of benzoic acid to
the glycine to yield hippuric acid or benzoylglycine,
laid the foundations for the continued interest
in conjugation reactions in drug metabolism.
Unfortunately, advances in the field of amino acid conjugation
have been small in comparison to the field of glucuronidation.