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My name is Bhabatosh Das,
and I am a professor at the
Translational Health Science
and Technology
Institute in India.
My research focuses on
the human microbiome,
exploring its
composition, diversity,
and function in both
health and disease.
Specifically, I'm interested in
how the microbiome
influences host physiology,
drug metabolism, and
treatment outcomes.
Today, I will discuss
about the human microbiome
and its significant role
in drug metabolism.
We'll explore how these
insights can enhance
our understanding of
therapeutic strategy
and ultimately
improve human health.
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The human microbiome is
a complex ecosystem of
trillions of
microorganisms residing in
almost all environmentally
exposed surfaces of the body.
But the microbial load
depends on the body size.
You can see that
the highest number
of microbes reside
in the human colon
and the minimum number of
microbes reside in
the gastric juice.
Not only the microbial loads,
but also, if you
look at the types of
microbes that reside in
each of these body sites,
they are also very distinct.
For example, if we look at
the reproductive
tract microbiome
of reproductive age women,
then you'll find that most
of the lactobacillus species
dominate this environment.
For example, it's
Lactobacillus crispatus,
Lactobacillus gasseri,
jensenii, johnsonii.
When we look at the microbiome
that resides in the colon,
it is mostly dominated by
the Prevotella, Bacteroides,
and Faecalibacterium.
The load of microbes varies
in different body sites,
and some things in their
functionality also vary.
If you look at genomic potency,
the number of genes
carried by these microbes
is approximately 30 times more
than the genes encoded
by our own genome.
That literally means
the microbes contribute
to human physiology
and play an important role
in almost each and every
aspect of the activities
that we do regularly.
Now, what are the
factors that actually
modulate the composition and
functions of the microbiome?
If we say gut, it's
definitely the diet.
