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I am Dr. Banumathy,
anatomist from Madurai
Tamil Nadu, India.
Today, we shall discuss
the Microscopic Anatomy of
the Organs in the Body.
0:12
The human body is
constituted by many organs.
Organs having a common
function are grouped
together to form the different
systems in the body.
The study of the
microscopic anatomy of
the various organs will
help to correlate
with their functions.
0:30
First, we shall start with
the digestive system.
The digestive system commences
in the mouth. Teeth,
tongue, and secretions of
salivary glands help in
the mastication of food.
Food is transported through
the pharynx and oesophagus
to the stomach.
Digestion and absorption are
completed in the intestines
and the wastage is sent out.
Secretions from the liver and
pancreas help in digestion.
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Mouth is lined mostly by
stratified squamous non
keratinised epithelium.
The teeth bite and crush the
food into small particles.
The bulk of the tooth is
constituted by the dentine -
a hard type of connected tissue.
It encloses a space
called the pulp cavity.
The expanded part
is pulp chamber and
the narrow part is
the pulp canal.
It communicates with
the surrounding tissue
through the apical foramen.
The pulp cavity contains
blood vessels and
nerve fibres entering
through the apical foramen.
The distal part of
dentine is covered
by the hard, avascular enamel.
The proximal part of
dentin is covered
by cementum - a hard
connective tissue.
It is cellular cementum
proximally and non
cellular distally.
The part of the tooth covered by
enamel is called the
anatomical crown.
The part covered by the cementum
is the anatomical root.
The junction of the crown
and root forms the neck.
Teeth are lodged
in bony sockets.
The part of the tooth
within the socket is
clinical root and the part
exposed beyond the socket
is the clinical crown.
The root is anchored
to the socket
by a dense periodontal membrane.
