Control of vascular tone via transformation of hydrogen peroxide

Published on December 31, 2023   57 min

A selection of talks on Cell Biology

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0:00
Hello everyone. I'm glad you joining me for this session. My name is Roland Stocker and I am Emeritus Professor and Distinguished Fellow at the Hearth Research Institute in Sydney, Australia. The topic of today's presentation is the control of vascular tone via transformation of hydrogen peroxide.
0:20
Well, the presentation will contain four sections. First, I'll give you an introduction that will cover the control of vascular tone, what we know about the enzyme indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenases or IDO in short, and L-tryptophan metabolism, and I will briefly introduce cellular redox signaling. We'll then go into some of the data that we have produced over the years. We'll first talk about the role of IDO1 in blood pressure control in human sepsis and pre-clinical models of systemic inflammation. We'll then cover the mechanism of how IDO1-mediated arterial relaxation and control blood pressure lowering. The final part will deal with the mechanisms of the redox signaling by this molecule cis-WOOH that we have identified and that I will characterize during the presentation.
1:14
So, let's start with the regulation of vascular tone. In principle, the two pathways by which vascular tone is regulated is an extrinsic pathway and an intrinsic pathway. The extrinsic pathway essentially involves autonomic nervous system and endocrine system. I will not be discussing this pathway. The intrinsic pathway includes myogenic tone, local hormones, and endothelial-derived factors. This is really the focus of this presentation. Primarily endothelial-derived factors and in this diagram, you can see a blood vessel with three layers, the endothelial cell layers making up the endothelium, then the layers of smooth muscle cells, the number of which varies depending on the arterial type we are talking about, and then the third layer, the adventitial cells that make up the adventitial. Regulation of vascular tone really means that we can have normal blood pressure or we can have vasoconstriction where the artery decreases in its diameter, or we can have a dilated artery where the diameter of the artery increases. It's really this movement between vasoconstriction and vasodilation that is essential for normal body function.

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Control of vascular tone via transformation of hydrogen peroxide

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