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I am Dr. Banumathy,
an anatomist from
Madurai Tamilnadu India.
The topic for today is
Introduction to Human Histology.
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Histology is the study of
the human body with the
help of a microscope.
Hence, it is also called
microscopic anatomy
or microanatomy.
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The structural and
functional units of
the human body are the cells.
The body is made up of billions
and billions of cells.
Each cell has a
nucleus surrounded by
cytoplasm and bounded
by a cell membrane.
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The details of the
cell cannot be clearly
made out when kept
under the microscope,
so stains are used
to study the different
components of a cell.
The commonly used stains
are hematoxylin and eosin.
Haematoxylin is a basic stain,
nucleus-basophilic, and
hence, stained blue.
Eosin is an acidic stain,
made part of the cytoplasm is
acidophilic and
hence, stained pink;
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the cells vary in size,
shape, and function.
They can be small or large,
cubical or columnar,
round or oval,
spindle shaped, or star-shaped.
The size of the
nucleus also varies.
It can be spherical or oval,
compressed or lobed,
central or eccentric
in position.
The cytoplasm can be smooth,
striated, or granular.
The intercellular
substances also varies.
Homogeneous,
amorphous, granular,
crystalline, mucoid, or fluid.
