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1. Introduction
2. Number of postmenopausal women in the US
3. Menopause health risks
4. Outline
5. Why women initiate or continue ERT/HRT
6. Menopause: HRT benefits
7. Controversies in management
8. Women's health initiative (WHI) study
9. WHI E+P: background
10. WHI E-alone: background
11. WHI E+P: benefits and risks
12. WHI estrogen alone
13. WHI - drawbacks
14. Disease latency
15. WHI E+P: hip fracture
16. Heart disease
17. Factors that influence heart disease
18. Effect of estrogen on risk for CHD
19. Coronary artery atherosclerosis
20. HRT trial: CHD events
21. WHI E+P: risk of CHD
22. Life history of an atheroma
23. Importance of timing of intervention in primates
24. WHI: CHD and HT
25. Coronary events by age at baseline in WHI
26. E-alone: cardiovascular outcomes ages 50-59
27. CEE and coronary artery calcium at age 50-59
28. KEEPS trial
29. CHD events in the WHI E-only arm
30. Breast cancer
31. Review of studies published from 1975-2000
32. WHI results: breast cancer
33. WHI - ET arm: breast cancer
34. Meaning of risk of breast cancer detection
35. Time course for breast cancer development
36. WHI E+P: effect on risk of in situ breast cancer
37. Cumulative hazards for breast cancer
38. WHI results: mortality
39. Diseases with a long latency period
40. Low dose is recommended
41. Women's HOPE study
42. Women's HOPE study: total hip BMD
43. Conclusions

Topics Covered

• Menopause health risks
• Hormone therapy in perspective
• Reasons for continuing or initiating ERT/HRT
• HRT benefits
• Women's health initiative (WHI)
• Heart disease
• Effect of Estrogen on risk of CHD
• Breast cancer
• Increased risk of breast cancer detection is not the same as breast cancer mortality or causality
• The WHI did not consider disease latency
• Low doses are recommended
• Women's HOPE study

Links

Series:

• The World of Hormones

Categories:

• Reproduction & Development

Therapeutic Areas:

• Gynaecology & Obstetrics

Talk Citation

Publication History

• Published on December 1, 2007

Financial Disclosures

• Prof. Hugh Taylor has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.