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This session centers on
hypersensitivity reactions,
offering a structured
look at the definition
and classification of
hypersensitivity reactions,
Illustrating the
four major types
as described by the
Gell and Coombs system,
we'll review the immune
mechanisms, examples,
symptoms, and principles of
management for each type.
The lecture will also address
diagnostic approaches,
the importance of identifying
the specific
hypersensitivity category
and tailored
treatment strategies.
Ultimately, this will provide
a framework for
understanding and
managing hypersensitivity
related conditions in
clinical practice.
Hypersensitivity reactions.
Immune responses
causing unintended,
often damaging effects
on the host tissues.
They're exaggerated forms of
normal immune mechanisms and
underlie numerous disorders,
including allergies and
auto immune diseases.
Hypersensitivity reactions
are grouped into
four main types by the Gel
and Coombs classification,
each with distinct mechanisms
and manifestations.
Throughout this lecture,
we'll explore the mechanisms,
mediators, examples,
symptoms, and management
of each type.
Type one hypersensitivity or
immediate hypersensitivity is
mediated by IGE antibodies.
On re exposure to an allergen,
IGE coated mast cells and
basophils degranulate,
releasing histamine
and other mediators.
This causes vasodilation,
increased vascular permeability,
bronchoconstriction,
and pruritis.
Examples include
allergic rhinitis,
