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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Types of symmetry in animal bodyplans
- How important are symmetry and asymmetry?
- Human laterality
- Basic facts about normal human asymmetry
- Ways asymmetry can go wrong
- Asymmetry pathway
- Clinical applications of LR asymmetry
- Several profound mysteries of laterality
- Candidates for mechanisms to align LR axis
- Asymmetry mechanisms is a new field
- Left-right asymmetry pathway - details
- The last phase = organogenesis
- The asymmetric gene pathway in chick embryos
- Shh is sufficient to induce Nodal
- Is Shh needed for left-sided Nodal expression?
- Explaining situs inversions in conjoined twins
- Asymmetry requires knowledge of position
- Do distant points need to communicate?
- Gap junctions mediate long-range LR signals
- Important questions
- A gradient is formed across cell field
- Loss-of-function pharmacological screen
- Are ion transporters important in asymmetry?
- Targets implicated in pharmacological LR screen
- Predictions
- LR gradients across zone of isolation
- Differences in H-plus efflux across ventral midline
- Asymmetric localizations of mRNA and proteins
- Localization of HK-ATPase consistent with source
- ATPases are upstream of Sonic, Nodal expression
- Molecular loss-of-function experiments
- Using electrogenic genes to induce ectopic ion flux
- Summary
- Ion flux system is conserved to invertebrates
- Why is the flow chiral, and what flows?
- Serotonin: a neurotransmitter with many roles
- Serotonin and asymmetry
- Serotonin forms a rightward gradient
- Serotonin mediates ion flux and gene expression
- A grand-unified-theory of LR pattern formation
- Is LR asymmetry now solved?
- How does cargo move around in cells?
- Coordination of 3 axes and chirality
- Phases during LR patterning
- But what about the ciliary model?
- You don't need a node to establish asymmetry
- Organizers after few cleavages can't form LR axis
- Midline axis may be linked to first cleavage
- Three models of LR asymmetry, compared to data
- Meta-analysis of model species mechanisms
- What's next?
- Long-term mission of the Levin group
- Acknowledgments
- Consider our lab for Ph.D. and post-doc work
Topics Covered
- Types of symmetry in animal bodyplans
- Left-right asymmetry definition
- Human laterality
- facts about normal human asymmetry
- Ways asymmetry can go wrong
- Clinical applications of left-right asymmetry
- Left-right pathway
- Asymmetric gene expression
- Loss-of-function pharmacological screen
- Ion transporters in left-right patterning
- Novel localization mechanisms
- Molecular loss-of-function experiments
- Gain-of-function experiments
- Expression and function of the ion flux system
- Serotonin: a neurotransmitter with many roles
- Serotonin and asymmetry
- Phases during left-right patterning
- The relationship between physiological signals and the ciliary model of LR asymmetry
- Is nodal flow required for consistent asymmetry?
- 3 fundamental models of LR asymmetry
Links
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Talk Citation
Levin, M. (2011, February 23). Left-right asymmetry in embryonic development: how epigenetic, biophysical forces and gene activity interplay to determine a major embryonic axis [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 7, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/CHAK5393.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Michael Levin has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Left-right asymmetry in embryonic development: how epigenetic, biophysical forces and gene activity interplay to determine a major embryonic axis
Published on February 23, 2011
59 min
A selection of talks on Gynaecology & Obstetrics
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