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In this talk, the focus
is Innate Immune System,
supported by coverage of
the fundamental roles
and mechanisms of the
innate immune system,
including its physical
and chemical barriers,
cellular components
such as phagocytes and
natural killer cells, and
the orchestration of
inflammation via
cytokines and chemokines.
We will examine how pattern
recognition receptors and
the complement system enable
fast pathogen detection
and elimination.
Finally, we will discuss
the interplay with
adaptive immunity and
the importance of
regulatory mechanisms
in preventing excessive
or chronic inflammation..
The innate immune system is
our body’s first defense
against infections.
It provides a rapid,
broad response by
recognizing common features of
pathogens and tissue damage.
Core components include
physical and chemical barriers:
skin blocks pathogen entry,
while mucous membranes
in the respiratory,
gastrointestinal, and
genitourinary tracts
trap and remove microbes
with mucus and cilia.
Chemical defenses—like
stomach acid,
lysozyme in saliva and tears,
and antimicrobial peptides—also
hinder pathogen survival.
These barriers serve as the
initial obstacle for bacteria,
viruses, fungi, and parasites.
If these barriers are breached,
deeper innate immune components—cells
and soluble proteins—are
swiftly mobilized to
respond to the threat.
Once pathogens
breach our barriers,
specialized phagocytic
cells drive
the cellular innate response.
Neutrophils, abundant in blood,
