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- The Notion of Epigenetics
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1. Cytoplasmic epigenetics: inheritance by cytoplasmic continuity
- Prof. Philippe Silar
- Dr. Fabienne Malagnac
- Epigenetics: Paradigms
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2. The molecular mechanism of X chromosome inactivation
- Prof. Neil Brockdorff
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3. The molecular mechanism of X chromosome inactivation
- Prof. Neil Brockdorff
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4. Genomic imprinting: history and embryology
- Prof. Davor Solter
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5. X chromosome inactivation in human cells
- Prof. Barbara Migeon
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6. RNAi and heterochromatin in plants and fission yeast
- Prof. Robert Martienssen
- Epigenetics: Mechanisms
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7. Polycomb epigenetic mechanisms: role of PcG complexes
- Prof. Vincenzo Pirrotta
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8. Polycomb epigenetic mechanisms: methylation of DNA
- Prof. Vincenzo Pirrotta
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9. Histone modifications and prospects for an epigenetic code
- Prof. Bryan Turner
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10. Epigenetic control by histone methylation
- Prof. Thomas Jenuwein
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11. Histone dynamics, heritability and variants
- Dr. Genevieve Almouzni
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12. Gene silencing in budding yeast
- Prof. Susan Gasser
- Epigenetics: Heritability and Reversibility
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13. Nuclear cloning, stem cells and epigenetic reprogramming
- Prof. Rudolf Jaenisch
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14. Stem cell memory
- Prof. James Sherley
- Archived Lectures *These may not cover the latest advances in the field
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15. Epigenetics: a historical overview
- Dr. Robin Holliday
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16. DNA methylation
- Prof. Adrian Bird
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17. DNA methylation and genome defense in Neurospora crassa
- Prof. Eric Selker
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19. Evolution of mammal epigenetic control systems
- Prof. Jenny Graves
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20. Genomic imprinting and its regulation
- Dr. Anne Ferguson-Smith
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21. Nuclear organization and gene expression
- Prof. David Spector
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22. Germ cells
- Prof. Azim Surani
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23. Epigenetic regulation of phenotype
- Prof. Emma Whitelaw
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25. Cytoplasmic epigenetics: proteins acting as genes
- Prof. Reed Wickner
Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Evolution of mammal epigenetic control systems
- Epigenetic systems in mammals
- How and why did these systems evolve?
- Genome evolution
- Vertebrate relationships
- Genomic imprinting
- When did imprinting evolve?
- Imprinting arose repeatedly
- What did imprinting evolve from?
- Why imprinting?
- Why did imprinting evolve?
- X-chromosome inactivation
- X inactivation - changes
- Human sex chromosomes
- Evolution of X inactivation
- Evolution of the X and Y
- Spread of XCI
- Building blocks of the X
- Ancient and added regions of the human X
- Human X genes mapped in chicken
- Region-specific XCI evolution
- Steps in inactivation of a gene
- Evolution of XCI mechanism
- Do birds have XCI?
- Do platypus have XCI?
- Platypus sex chromosomes - 5X and 5Y
- Do platypus have XCI?
- Do kangaroos have XCI?
- XCI appeared 180-210 MYA
- Evolution of molecular changes
- DNA methylation of marsupial X?
- Histone acetylation and marsupial XCI
- Evolution of control of XCI
- Evolution of XIST control
- Paternal (imprinted) XCI
- Evolution of random XCI
- How is paternal XCI set up?
- X leads the way in marsupial sperm
- X leads the way in platypus sperm
- c.f. random order in chicken sperm
- Evolution of XIST
- Do platypus have XIST?
- Stepwise evolution of XCI
- XCI mechanism built up in steps
- Evolution of imprinting and XCI
- Relationship between genomic imprinting and XCI?
- Conclusions
Topics Covered
- How, when and why did epigenetic silencing evolve in mammals?
- examination of two mammal-specific systems, genomic imprinting and X-chromosome inactivation, from an evolutionary standpoint, using comparisons between humans, distantly related mammals (marsupials and monotremes) and other vertebrates
- independent evolution of imprinting in different genomic regions and correlation with evolution of viviparity
- step-wise evolution of the elements of the complex X-chromosome inactivation mechanism
- shared features of imprinting and X-inactivation
Talk Citation
Graves, J. (2007, October 1). Evolution of mammal epigenetic control systems [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved February 11, 2025, from https://doi.org/10.69645/AEVN6391.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Jenny Graves has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.