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1. Introduction
2. Inflammation and atherosclerosis - an early start
3. Infection and atherosclerosis
4. Immune activation
5. Response to injury hypothesis
6. Inflammation - the 21st century hypothesis
7. Pathophysiology of atherosclerosis - cholesterol
8. 1914 - the start of the cholesterol era
9. It is the LDL level that counts
10. Arterial intima - the site of atherosclerosis
11. Genesis of thickening intima
12. Adaptive intimal thickening
13. Coronary athero-sclerotic lesions
14. Cholesterol in the blood and coronary arterial wall
15. Coronary artery disease
16. LDL-driven atherosclerosis - negative remodeling
17. Human coronary atheroma
18. LDL-driven atheroma - positive remodeling
19. Real life - both negative and positive remodeling
20. Atherothrombosis
21. Atherothrombosis - the final stage
22. Plaque disruption without luminal thrombosis
23. Plaque disruption - luminal mural thrombosis
24. Plaque disruption - infract related thrombosis
25. Structure of an LDL particle
26. Transcytosis of LDL particles
27. Extracellular matrix of the arterial intima
28. Accumulation of infused human LDL in rabbit
29. Fatty streak formation in fetal aortal intima
30. Adhesion of monocytes to plaque endothel
31. Transmigration of monocytes
32. Macrophage foam cells in the PG rich layer
33. Coronary fatty streak
34. Foam cell between the cap and core of atheroma
35. Coronary fibroatheroma
36. LDL modification in the arterial intima
37. Accumulation of LDL in the arterial intima
38. Oxidants/hydrolases accelerate LDL modification
39. Formation of an early atherosclerotic lesions
40. Regression of a foam cell into a macrophage
41. Lipid core formation
42. Degradation of collagen
43. Summary

Topics Covered

• Inflammation and aetherosclerosis
• Immune activation
• Response to injury hypothesis
• Discovery of the pathophysiology of aetherosclerosis
• The cholesterol era
• The LDL level
• Arterial intima: the site of atherogenesis
• Genesis of thickening intima
• Adaptive intimal thickening
• Topology of coronary athero-sclerotic lesions
• Cholesterol in blood and in coronary arterial wall
• The "bad" LDL cholesterol and the "good" HDL cholesterol: an imbalance
• Coronary artery disease
• LDL-driven atherosclerosis leads to coronary stenosis |Human coronary atheroma
• Atherothrombosis
• Plaque disruption
• Structure of an LDL particle
• Extracellular aggregated and fused LDL particles in the arterial intima of genetically hyperlipidemic mouse
• Extracellular lipid droplets in human atherosclerotic plaque
• Fatty streak formation in human fetal aortas is enchanced by maternal hypercholesterolemia
• Transmigration of monocytes
• Foam cells between cap and core of a coronary atheroma
• Coronary fibroatheroma
• LDL modification in the arterial intima: a vicious circle
• Accumulation of LDL in the arterial intima
• Mast cell neutral proteases activate MMPs
• Degradation of collagen
• Preventing cholesterol accumulation and subsequent inflammation or even more?

Links

Series:

• Genetics of Cardiovascular Disease

Categories:

• Clinical Practice

Therapeutic Areas:

• Cardiovascular & Metabolic

Talk Citation

Publication History

• Published on December 18, 2008
• Archived on May 28, 2025

Financial Disclosures

• Prof. Petri Kovanen has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.