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1. Introduction
2. RTKs activate the ERK1/2 cascade
3. Ras mediates activation of the ERK 1/2 cascade
4. MAP kinase cascade paradigm
5. Multiple MAP kinase pathways in mammalian cells
6. Properties of MAPK cascades
7. MAPK cascade
8. Activation of Raf-1
9. MEK1
10. Structure of ERK2
11. Effect of phosphorylation on ERK2
12. Prop. of MAPK cascades-specificity generation
13. ERK1/2 assays
14. Enzymatic specificity of MEKs
15. Function of MEK1
16. Importance of proline-rich insert in MEK1
17. Activation of ERK1/2 in cells requires MEK1 insert
18. MEK1 binds stably to ERK2
19. Recognition sites on ERK2
20. MEK1 - function of ERK docking site in cells
21. Docking interactions required for ERK2 phosphor.
22. ERK2 interactions
23. Mutations that decrease ERK2 activation by MEK1
24. Behavior of ERK2 MEK-binding mutants
25. Recognition sites on ERK2
26. ERK1/2 scaffolding proteins direct distinct outputs
27. KSR scaffolds the ERK cascade
28. MEKK1 scaffolds MAPK cascades (1)
29. MEKK1 scaffolds MAPK cascades (2)
30. Properties of MAPK cascades
31. Threshold and ultrasensitivity in ERK1/2 pathway
32. Analysis of ERK2 from cells
33. Signal transduc. mechanisms-coincidence/synergy
34. Properties of MAPK cascades - signal modulation
35. Feedback phosphorylation of SOS
36. Activation of Raf-1
37. Signal transduction mechanisms-feedback
38. Properties of MAPK cascades-localization
39. Ligand-dependent diff. in ERK1/2 localization
40. ERK2 function depends on localization
41. Classical nuclear import and export
42. How does ERK2 enter and exit the nucleus?
43. pERK2 dimer interface
44. PEA-15 - protein enriched in astrocytes of 15 kDa
45. PEA-15 reduces nuclear import of GFP-ERK2
46. PEA-15 inhibits binding of ERK2 to nucleoporins
47. Localization of ERK1/2 influences functions
48. Properties of MAPK cascades - functions
49. ERK1/2 are required for cell migration
50. ERK1/2 required for insulin gene transcription (1)
51. ERK1/2 required for insulin gene transcription (2)
52. Properties of MAPK cascades - multifunctionality
53. Properties of MAPK cascades
54. Signal transduction mechanisms - modulation
55. ERK1/2 sensitivity to cAMP depends on act. ligand
56. ERK1/2 and ERK5 synergize to transform cells
57. Differential action of cAMP on ERK1/2 and ERK5
58. RTKs activate the ERK1/2 cascade
59. Acknowledgements

Topics Covered

• Regulation of the MAPK pathway by receptor tyrosine kinases through Ras
• MAPK cascade paradigm
• Regulatory properties of kinase cascade components
• MAPK structure
• Generating specificity in MAPK cascades
• Docking mechanisms
• MAPK scaffolds
• Feedback mechanisms and pathway interactions
• Regulation of the localization of ERK1/2
• Functional versatility of MAPK pathways

Links

Series:

• Signal Transduction via Protein Tyrosine Kinase Receptors

Categories:

• Biochemistry
• Cell Biology

Talk Citation

Publication History

• Published on October 1, 2007

Financial Disclosures

• Prof. Melanie H. Cobb has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.