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Hello, my name is Jacob Hoglund.
I'm a professor of Ecology and
Genetics at Uppsala
University in Sweden.
It's a pleasure for me to
give this talk on
conservation genomics,
and my topic today is on
adaptation and gene flow.
I would like to say that
the title genomics could
actually be changed
to genetics because
the whole theory
rests on population genetics.
But of course, genomics is
more modern and gives you
more fine tuned data
that we can analyze
nowadays than we used
to be in the past.
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I would like to begin
by this statement here:
environmental change
is ubiquitous.
That is that life on Earth
has and always will change.
If you want to find evidence
of that, like I do here,
you can go out to the hallway of
my department and
what you find there
in the staircase is shown in
this picture I took a
couple of days ago.
What you see is remnants of
Nautiloid cephalopods from
the lower middle
Ordovician of Sweden,
and my colleagues in the
paleontology department,
they suspect that this
stuff is from a quarry
at a place called
Brunflo, near Östersund
in central Sweden.
Of course, these
organisms do not exist in
Sweden nowadays, they went
extinct millions of years ago.
You'll see a T-Rex
replica that you
can find in the Evolution Museum
here at Uppsala University,
and of course, this
species doesn't roam
around the globe like
they used to in the past.
What this shows is
that organisms change
via four different
mechanisms basically.
These are mutation,
something called
genetic drift that I
would explain later,
gene flow and population
structure, and finally selection.
In my lecture today I will
go through and explain
how organisms adapt to
a changing environment.
The basic tenet of
this talk is that
