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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Glucocorticoids: glucocorticosteroids, corticosteroids
- Glucocorticoids
- Definition of glucocorticoid drugs
- Example of glucocorticoid drugs
- Clinical use of glucocorticoids in allergy
- Glucocorticoids in allergy (1)
- Glucocorticoids in allergy (2)
- Glucocorticoids and allergic disorders
- Molecular mechanisms: genomic effects
- Genomic molecular mechanisms
- Genomic mechanisms: GR and transcription
- Genomic and non-genomic actions of GR
- The human glucocorticoid receptor
- Alternative splice variants and translational isoforms
- Role of GR mediated transactivation
- Cytokines modulated by glucocorticoids
- Regulation of gene transcription
- Effects of glucocorticoids in inflammation
- Effects on cell migration
- Effect on arachidonic acid metabolism
- Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ)
- Glucocorticoid effects on immune cells: T cells
- Lymphocytotoxic effect
- Overall glucocorticoid effect: T lymphocytes
- Glucocorticoid effect on T cell differentiation
- Glucocorticoid effects on immune cells: neutrophils
- Glucocorticoid effects on neutrophils
- Glucocorticoid effects on immune cells: monocyte and macrophage
- Effects on monocytes/macrophages
- Glucocorticoid effects on immune cells B cell
- Glucocorticoid effects on immune cells: mast cells
- Glucocorticoid effects on mast cells
- Proteins inhibited in mast cell activation
- Glucocorticoids inhibit inflammatory allergy
- Eosinophils in allergy and asthma (1)
- Eosinophils in allergy and asthma (2)
- Stress counters corticosteroid responsiveness
- Overall glucocorticoid effect on immune cells
- Overview of the innate and adaptive immune systems affected by GC
- Chronic inflammation and tissue remodelling
- Corticosteroid effects on tissue remodelling (1)
- Corticosteroid effects on tissue remodelling (2)
- Reduced subepithelial collagen deposition
- Steroids prevent collagen deposition
- Glucocorticoid effects on tissue remodelling (1)
- Glucocorticoid effects on tissue remodelling (2)
- Tissue remodelling - conclusion
- Systemic glucocorticoids adverse effects
- Major adverse effects in severe asthma (1)
- Major adverse effects in severe asthma (2)
- Major adverse effects in severe asthma (3)
- ICSs and adverse effects (1)
- ICSs and adverse effects (2)
- Glucocorticoid resistance in asthma
- Steroid resistance and the immune response
- Pathological mechanisms underlying asthma
Topics Covered
- Glucocorticoid treatment
- Endogenous glucocorticoids
- Glucocorticoid drugs
- Glucocorticoid molecular mechanism
- Glucocorticoid cellular mechanism
Links
Series:
Categories:
Therapeutic Areas:
Talk Citation
Riccardi, C. (2020, November 30). Glucocorticoids treatment of allergic diseases [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 6, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/GOTK5701.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Carlo Riccardi has not informed HSTalks of any commercial/financial relationship that it is appropriate to disclose.
Other Talks in the Series: Allergy - From Basics to Clinic
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
My name is Carlo Riccardi.
I am a Professor of Pharmacology at the University of Perugia.
As shown in the first slide,
I will tell you about "Glucocorticoids Treatment in Allergic Diseases".
0:17
Glucocorticoids also called glucocorticosteroids or corticosteroids are
the mostly used anti-inflammatory immunosuppressive drugs
in many inflammatory immune and allergic diseases such are,
for example, ulcerative colitis, arthritis,
multiple sclerosis, eczema, psoriasis, allergy, and asthma.
Their activity is due to
complex molecular mechanisms responsible of therapeutic and adverse effects.
The benefit risk-ratio between therapeutic,
and the adverse effects is most important,
and these are the limiting factors of glucocorticoids therapeutic approach.
Now, we have to define what glucocorticoids drugs are.
But before the definition of glucocorticoids drugs,
we have to consider that there are endogenous glucocorticoids in our body.
Endogenous glucocorticoids are part of our physiological system where
endogenous hormones are produced physiologically under a strict regulation mechanism.
1:21
Endogenous glucocorticoids are mainly
produced in the zona fasciculata of the adrenal cortex,
and also at low concentration in some specific organs, including thymus,
intestine and glands, and their production is increased in response to stress.
Endogenous glucocorticoids production, in response to
many stimuli, is an important stress response system.
Acute increase of glucocorticoids levels
helps the body maintain homeostatic equilibrium,
including the metabolic, immune, and cardiovascular functions.
Their production in a circadian manner being higher in the morning is regulated by a
control feedback mechanism at the hypothalamic-pituitary adrenal axis, HPA level.
After production and release,
the blood level of free hormone available to enter cells are
further regulated by binding to corticosteroid binding protein, CBP,
and by tissue specific enzymatic activity.
Summarized as, CBP transports
the glucocorticoids in the body and releases it in different organs and tissues.
Moreover, specific enzyme activities contribute to
them to determine the actual glucocorticoids levels.
In fact, most glucocorticoids
specific effects, at the tissue and cell level, are fully regulated
by the 11-Beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase enzymes activity in the tissues.
Cortisol, the major endogenous glucocorticoid, diffuses from
the blood into the cells and interacts with glucocorticoid receptors, GRs,
thus exerting between others its anti-inflammatory effects.
Cortisol, in fact, can also be used as an anti-inflammatory drug.