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Welcome back to part two of this presentation.
In this portion, I will be speaking about functional dyspepsia.
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I'd like to move over to functional dyspepsia,
which I mentioned before is part of the upper GI neuromuscular dysfunction spectrum.
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Dyspepsia patients will complain of upper abdominal symptoms,
these include persistent pain or discomfort arising in the upper abdomen,
early satiety, bloating, nausea, vomiting, and belching,
or they may complain of their symptoms worsening postprandially,
and there's a natural fluctuation of these symptoms over time.
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There are subgroups such as ulcer-like dyspepsia, dysmotility-like dyspepsia,
nonspecific, where patients don't fulfill criteria for
various groups or even heartburn or reflux-like dyspepsia.
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This has all been more formally codified by
an evolving criteria called the Rome criteria and we're up to its fourth iteration.
So functional dyspepsia is now characterized by the Rome criteria,
it's one or more of the following symptoms which have to be bothersome,
postprandial fullness, early satiation,
epigastric pain or epigastric burning.
There needs to be no evidence of structural disease,
which is usually done by upper endoscopy,
that is likely to explain the patient's symptoms,
and they have to have their symptoms for at least three months with
the symptom onset at least being six months before diagnosis.
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The functional dyspepsia group can be further
characterized formerly with postprandial distress syndrome,
including bothersome postprandial fullness occurring after ordinary-sized meals,
at least several times a week or early
satiation that prevents finishing of regular meals,
at least several times a week.
There can be upper abdominal bloating or postprandial nausea or excessive belching,
which can be supported but not necessarily for the criteria,
and this may coexist with the other subcategory of functional dyspepsia called EPS.
