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Printable Handouts
Navigable Slide Index
- Introduction
- Different phases of varicella zoster virus infection
- The rash of VZV is vesicular
- Varicella is a generalized illness
- Varicella in immunocompromised may be fatal
- Zoster in immunocompromised may be severe
- The natural history of VZV
- VZV spreads in two different ways
- MPRs play an important role in the VZV life cycle
- VZV causes a vesicular rash
- VZV spreads in two ways
- Enveloped virions, transmission and latency
- Transmission of VZV
- Transmission of the Oka strain of VZV
- Secondary WT VZV attack rates
- Understanding latency of VZV (1)
- Understanding latency of VZV (2)
- Hypothesis
- vOka-induced zoster
- Gene expression in latent & lytic VZV infection
- Guinea pig enteric neurons as an animal model
- Varicella vaccine was developed in the 1970s
- The FAMA test
- VZV attack rate correlates with the FAMA titer
- FAMA titers before and after one dose of Varivax
- Consequences of primary vaccine failure
- History of live attenuated varicella vaccine
- The incidence of varicella after vaccine licensure
- Varicella vaccine- little or no waning of immunity
- Development of a successful MMRV
- Zoster incidence is low in adults
- Zoster is a common disease
- Postherpetic Neuralgia (PHN)
- Zoster in non-vaccinated individuals
- The epidemiology of zoster in various ages
- Pathogenesis of Herpes Zoster
- Asymptomatic patients
- Additional evidence for silent reactivation
- Live attenuated zoster vaccine
- VZV latency in ganglia of human intestine
- Reactivation in enteric neurons and enteric zoster
- Salivary VZV DNA
- VZV causes vasculopathy
- VZV gE with AS01B is an effective vaccine
- HZsu (gE) vaccine
- Conclusions
- Summary
- Acknowledgment
Topics Covered
- Varicella zoster virus (VZV) pathology and disease progressions
- Clinical VZV infections
- History of live attenuated varicella vaccine and importance of this vaccine
- Mechanisms of viral latency and reactivation
- Subclinical reactivation
- Latency of VZV in the enteric nervous system (ENS) and resulting gastrointestinal disease
- Vaccination against herpes zoster
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Talk Citation
Gershon, A. (2018, July 31). Prevention of Varicella and Zoster by vaccination: Now you see it, now you don't [Video file]. In The Biomedical & Life Sciences Collection, Henry Stewart Talks. Retrieved December 5, 2024, from https://doi.org/10.69645/BWQF9036.Export Citation (RIS)
Publication History
Financial Disclosures
- Prof. Anne Gershon, Grant/Research support (principal investigator): NIH ROI OK 093094 Study of enteric zoster; Other: service contract from Merck regarding vaccine safety of V2V vaccine.
Prevention of Varicella and Zoster by vaccination: Now you see it, now you don't
Published on July 31, 2018
55 min
A selection of talks on Immunology
Transcript
Please wait while the transcript is being prepared...
0:00
I'm Doctor Anne Gershon at
Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons in New York,
and my talk is entitled,
Prevention of Varicella and Zoster by Vaccination:
Now You See It and Now You Don't.
Varicella zoster virus causes two diseases, varicella and zoster.
0:19
After varicella, the virus becomes latent in the body in
neurons and stays with the individual forever after that.
If there's failed immune control towards the virus then reactivation of the virus can
occur, resulting in a unilateral form of rash that is called zoster or herpes zoster,
and it's when the virus reactivates in a neuron,
and that's why the rash is usually unilateral.
We believe this happens in about 30 percent of individuals during their lifetime; and
particularly it occurs in immuno-compromised patients and in the elderly.
The incidence of zoster is about 15 percent in
the elderly who go on to get postherpetic neuralgia.
If they get zoster,
they have a 15 percent chance of getting postherpetic neuralgia,
which is a very severe form of pain that goes on sometimes for a long time.
That's one of the main reasons that we want to have
a good vaccination against herpes zoster.
The complications are shown in the little boxes and you can see that
there are complications that occur both in varicella and in zoster.
Generally speaking varicella is a mild disease
in healthy children, but in immuno-compromised children
they can be very severe.
Zoster in the sense causes more severe complications than varicella.
Today we recognize that some of these complications
can also occur without the rash of zoster.
In other words, the virus reactivates but doesn't cause
any signs on the skin and we'll talk about that more in detail as we go along.
Now the rash of varicella and also zoster is typically
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