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Novel treatments for GI malignancies

Published on May 29, 2017   31 min

A selection of talks on Oncology

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0:00
Hello, my name is Bert O'Neil. I'm a medical oncologist, Professor of Oncology at the Indiana University, Simon Cancer Center in Indianapolis. I'm pleased today to talk to you about the topic of Novel Treatments for GI Malignancies.
0:17
These are the topics I've chosen to discuss today. Obviously, new treatments of any cancer can be a very broad area, so I've picked a few that I think are of current relevance. These mostly relate to colorectal cancer although some of what I'll speak about relates to other GI malignancies as well. Note that I have specifically not chosen to talk about immunotherapies today and believe this will be covered in other lectures. So the topics we will discuss are HER2 and colorectal cancer. We'll speak about what strategies are being developed for dealing with BRAF mutant colorectal cancer. And lastly, a new area of cancer biology which is, can we target stem cells to treat GI malignancies.
1:03
HER2 overexpression is uncommon but is seen in colorectal cancer. In the largest study of this to date, strong membranous staining for HER2 was seen in only 25 of 1900 or 1.3% of stage II-III tumors and 29 of 1300 or 2.2% of stage IV tumors in a collection of randomized clinical trials. Interestingly, HER2 overexpression is strongly associated with KRAS and BRAF status. For example, in the stage IV tumors, HER2 positivity was seen in 5% of KRAS/BRAF wild-type cases, versus only 1% of KRAS/BRAF mutant tumors.

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